新型地质聚合物基分离膜的制备与应用研究进展  

Research Progress on Preparation and Application of Geopolymer-based Separation Membranes

作　　者：张枫烨 张耀君[1] 贺攀阳 高江雨 ZHANG Fengye;ZHANG Yaojun;HE Panyang;GAO Jiangyu(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China;College of Resources Engineering,Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi’an 710055,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学材料科学与工程学院,西安710055 [2]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第14期56-68,共13页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21676209);陕西省重点研发计划(2019GY-137);西安建筑科技大学优秀博士论文培育基金(6040318008);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划(2019JM-395)。

摘　　要：地质聚合物是硅铝质天然矿物或固体废物经碱激发制得的一种具有三维网络结构的无机硅铝酸盐胶凝材料。因其具有孔结构可调、机械强度高、化学稳定性好以及材料相容性佳等特点,利用地质聚合物制备新型分离膜引起了研究人员的广泛关注。地质聚合物基分离膜具有制备简单、无需烧制、无CO_(2)排放、可资源化利用固体废弃物、环境友好等优点,在水处理、气体净化和催化分离等领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文将地质聚合物基分离膜分为地质聚合物膜和地质聚合物基复合膜两大类,总结了两类地质聚合物基分离膜的制备工艺,系统综述了其在各种膜分离领域中的应用及作用机理,指出了目前地质聚合物基分离膜研究中存在的问题并提出了解决对策以及未来的发展方向。Geopolymers are a kind of inorganic aluminosilicate cementitious material with three-dimensional network structure,which is produced by alkali excitation from natural mineral or sialic solid waste.Due to the characteristics of adjustable pore structure,high mechanical strength,excellent chemical stability and material compatibility,preparation of new separation membranes by using geopolymer has attracted much attention.Geopolymer-based separation membranes possess advantages including simple preparation,without burning,no CO_(2) emission,recycling of solid waste,and environmental friendliness,hence showing potential application prospects in the fields of water treatment,gas purification,catalytic separation,etc.This paper provides a summary of the preparation process of two categories of geopolymer-based separation membranes,i.e.,geopolymer membranes and geopolymer-based composite membranes,and also a systematic review on their applications in various membrane separation fields and the corresponding underlying mechanisms.It ends with an analysis of the existing problems in research of geopolymer-based separation membrane and the counter measures,and a prospective discussion of the future development direction.

关 键 词：地质聚合物 膜分离 水处理 气体净化 催化 

分 类 号：TQ172[化学工程—水泥工业]