厚皮甜瓜果实长度的遗传分析  

Genetic analysis of fruit length of muskmelon

作　　者：王庆涛 贺玉花[1,2] 唐伶俐 户克云 孔维虎[1,2] 张健 李晓飞[1,2] 徐永阳[1,2] 赵光伟 WANG Qingtao;HE Yuhua;TANG Lingli;HU Keyun;KONG Weihu;ZHANG Jian;LI Xiaofei;XU Yongyang;ZHAO Guangwei(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China;National Nanfan Research Institute(Sanya),Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Sanya 572000,Hainan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009 [2]三亚中国农业科学院国家南繁研究院,海南三亚572000

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第7期12-17,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-25);中国农业科学院科技创新工程(CAAS-ASTIP-2022-ZFRI);海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2021XDNY164);河南省科技攻关计划项目(212102110056)。

摘　　要：果形是甜瓜重要的育种目标。果实长度是决定果实形状的重要指标,对其进行遗传分析是进行遗传改良的基础。以长果形厚皮甜瓜自交系551为母本(P_(1))、短果形厚皮甜瓜自交系B22为父本(P_(2)),构建6个基本世代群体(P_(1)、P_(2)、F_(1)、F_(2)、BC_(1)P_(1)、BC_(1)P_(2)),采用极大似然法和IECM(iterated expectation and conditional maximization)算法对群体果实长度进行遗传规律分析。结果表明,厚皮甜瓜果实长度是数量性状,遗传模型为2对加性-显性-上位性主基因+加性-显性-上位性多基因。遗传群体BC_(1)P_(1)、BC_(1)P_(2)、F_(2)主基因遗传率分别为86.1188%、100%、60.4821%;多基因遗传率分别为1.5882%、0、29.2478%。上述分析表明,厚皮甜瓜果实长度的主基因遗传率在BC_(1)P_(1)、BC_(1)P_(2)和F_(2)代中较高,厚皮甜瓜果实长度选择在较早的世代中进行,受环境因素影响较小。Fruit shape is an important breeding target for melon.Fruit length is a key indicator for determining fruit shape.It is the basis for variety improvement to analyze the genetic of fruit length.In this study,six basic generation populations(P_(1),P_(2),F_(1),F_(2),BC_(1)P_(1),BC_(1)P_(2))were developed with the long-fruited inbred line 551 as the female(P_(1))and the short-fruited inbred line B22 as the male parent(P_(2)).The genetic law of fruit length of the populations was estimated by maximum likelihood method and IECM(Iterated expectation and conditional maximization)algorithms.The results showed that fruit length of muskmelon is a quantitative trait with a genetic model of two pairs of additive-dominant-epistatic master genes+additive-dominant-epistatic polygenes.The heritability rates of BC_(1)P_(1),BC_(1)P_(2) and F_(2) main gene were 86.1188%,100%and 60.4821%,respectively;and the polygenic heritability rates were 1.5882%,0 and 29.2478%,respectively.The analysis revealed that the heritability efficiency of the main gene for muskmelon fruit length was higher in BC_(1)P_(1),BC_(1)P_(2) and F_(2) generations,which indicated that the selection for fruit length in thick-skinned melon probably happened in earlier generations and was less influenced by environmental factors.

关 键 词：厚皮甜瓜 果实长度 数量性状 遗传分析 

分 类 号：S652[农业科学—果树学]