加工型辣椒主要性状的遗传效应分析  

Genetic analysis of main traits in processing pepper

作　　者：韩娅楠[1] 程志芳[1] 常晓轲 董晓宇[1] 刘勇鹏 王丹 姚秋菊[1] HAN Yanan;CHENG Zhifang;CHANG Xiaoke;DONG Xiaoyu;LIU Yongpeng;WANG Dan;YAO Qiuju(Institute of Horticulture,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002,Henan,China;Luohe Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Luohe 462300,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院园艺研究所,郑州450002 [2]漯河市农业科学院,河南漯河462300

出　　处：《中国瓜菜》2023年第7期59-64,共6页China Cucurbits And Vegetables

基　　金：现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-24-G-15);河南省重点研发专项(221111110100);河南抗病抗逆辣椒良种攻关(2022010502)。

摘　　要：为了提高加工型辣椒优势组合的选配概率,以5个不同来源的辣椒材料作为亲本(P_(1)~P_(5)),按照Griffing完全双列杂交[p(p+1)/2]组配杂交组合,对亲本和F1的9个主要农艺性状的杂种优势、配合力和遗传力进行分析。结果表明,单株结果数、单株产量、株高和株幅的杂种优势潜力较大。果肉厚度和茎粗的变异系数较大,分别为13.80%和12.25%。配合力分析表明,P_(4)可以作为培育出单株结果数较多品种的亲本;P_(5)可以作为培育出大果、高产品种的亲本;P_(1)×P_(2)为单果质量较大的杂交组合;P_(1)×P_(4)为株高和株幅较大、果肉厚度较小、单株结果数多的杂交组合。遗传力分析表明,单株产量和果实横径的狭义遗传力大于90%,受加性效应控制;株幅和茎粗的环境方差均大于遗传方差。遗传相关性分析表明,辣椒单株产量与果肉厚度、果实横径、单果质量、果实纵径呈极显著正相关。研究结果为加工型辣椒育种进程中的亲本选配和后代选择提供了一定的理论依据。In order to improve the efficiency of selecting elite combinations of processing pepper(Capsicum annuum L.),five parental lines(P_(1)-P_(5))with different characters were used to develop 10 hybrids by Griffing complete diallel crossing design,and nine agronomic traits were evaluated to analyze heterosis,combining ability and heritability.The results showed that the heterosis index of fruit number per plant,yield per plant,plant height and plant width were higher.The coefficients of variation of thick fruit flesh and stem diameter were 13.80%and 12.25%,respectively.Analysis of combination ability showed that P_(4) and P_(5) with high general combination ability(GCA)were the optimal lines for selecting fruit number per plant and high-yield varieties with long and wide fruits.The crosses P_(1)×P_(2) was determined as the excellent combination with big fruit weight,and P_(1)×P_(4) was determined as the excellent combination with larger plant height and width,smaller flesh thickness,and more fruiting per plant.The value of narrow sense heritability for fruit weight per plant and transverse diameter of fruit was larger than 90%,that indicated these traits were mainly controlled by additive effects,which could be inherited relative stable.The environmental variances of plant width and stem diameter were higher than genetic variances,which were easily affected by the environment in hybrid breeding.The genetic coefficient analysis suggested that the fruit weight per plant had a significant positive relationship with thick fruit flesh,fruit diameter,fruit weight and fruit length.These results will provide the theoretical basis for parents and progeny selection in processing pepper breeding process.

关 键 词：加工型辣椒 双列杂交 主要性状 遗传效应 

分 类 号：S641.3[农业科学—蔬菜学]