自然资源资产损害赔偿责任的司法适用与理论反思  

Judicial Application and Theoretical Reflection on Liabilityfor Damage to Natural Resource Assets

作　　者：曹炜[1] 张舒 CAO Wei;ZHANG Shu(School of Law,Renmin University of China,Beijing,China,100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学法学院,北京100872

出　　处：《贵州大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期71-82,共12页Journal of Guizhou University(Social Sciences)

基　　金：北京市规划和自然资源委员会项目“北京市全民所有自然资源资产损害责任追究机制研究”(2023K20142)。

摘　　要：虽然我国立法中未对自然资源资产损害赔偿责任作出专门规定,但是自然资源资产损害赔偿责任在司法实践中已经得到广泛适用。司法实践先行对维护自然资源资产所有者权益具有积极意义,然而也存在不容忽视的问题:一是对自然资源资产损害赔偿责任的功能与目的缺乏准确定位;二是未能妥善处理自然资源资产损害赔偿责任与其他法律责任的关系。对此,需要明确自然资源资产损害赔偿责任的独立性,将其功能与目的定位于填补全民所有自然资源资产的经济利益损失,以便厘清自然资源资产损害赔偿金的标准与用途。同时考虑到自然资源资产损害亦能够通过生态环境损害赔偿责任、没收违法所得等其他法律责任而得到直接或间接地填补,从而协调自然资源资产损害赔偿责任与其他法律责任之间的关系,合理认定自然资源资产损害赔偿责任的适用空间。Although not yet specifically provided for in legislation,liability for damages to natural resource assets has been widely applied in judicial practice.The judicial practice has positive significance for safeguarding the rights and interests of owners of natural resources assets,but there are problems that cannot be ignored.Firstly,there is the lack of accurate positioning of the function and purpose of the liability for damages to natural resources assets.Secondly,it is difficult for courts to properly address the relationship between liability for damages to natural resource assets and other legal liabilities.In this regard,it is necessary to clarify the independence of the liability for damages to natural resources assets,to set its function and purpose to fill the loss of economic interests of natural resources assets owned by all people,so as to clarify the standard and purpose of the compensation for damages to natural resources assets.At the same time,it should be noticed that the damages to natural resources assets can also be filled directly or indirectly through other legal responsibilities such as the compensation for ecological and environmental damages and the confiscation of illegal income.In this way,the relationship between the liability for damages to natural resources assets and other legal liabilities should be reconciled,and the scope of application of the liability for damages to natural resources assets should be reasonably determined.

关 键 词：自然资源资产 损害赔偿责任 自然资源修复 

分 类 号：D922.69[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学]