高耐水性环保聚氨酯织物涂层剂的制备与性能  

Preparation and properties of the highly water-resistant and environment-friendly waterborne polyurethanes fabric coatings

作　　者：纪凤龙 马朋伟 陈春凤 JI Fenglong;MA Pengwei;CHEN Chunfeng(School of Textile Materials and Engineering,Wuyi University,Jiangmen 529020,Guangdong,China;School of Engineering,Dali University,Dali 671003,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]五邑大学纺织材料与工程学院,广东江门529020 [2]大理大学工程学院,云南大理671003

出　　处：《纺织高校基础科学学报》2023年第3期30-38,共9页Basic Sciences Journal of Textile Universities

摘　　要：水性聚氨酯是一种环保的织物涂层剂,但存在防水性能差和吸湿返黏等问题,为此本研究制备了一种有机硅改性的多羟基聚氨酯乳液,配合可水分散的多异氰酸酯组成双组分水性聚氨酯织物涂层胶。结果表明:聚硅氧烷改性后聚氨酯乳液粒径增大,粒径分布变宽;当聚硅氧烷质量分数低于6%时乳液可以获得良好的储存稳定性;聚硅氧烷改性可以明显提高聚氨酯涂层表面疏水性,使其不易返黏,但使涂层后织物透湿性降低;交联剂的引入使涂层织物的耐静水压明显提高,且其不易吸湿返黏;但织物手感变得粗糙;当双组分水性聚氨酯的OH/NCO比值低于1∶3时仍能维持柔软手感。Waterborne polyurethane is a kind of environment-friendly fabric coatings.But there are some shortcomings such as poor water resistance and sticky hand feeling in case of moisture absorption.The silicone modified polyurethane emulsions containing multiple hydroxyl groups were prepared,which were combined with water dispersible polyisocyanates to form the two-component waterborne polyurethane(2K-WPU) fabric coatings.It was found that the modification by polysiloxanes gave rise to the increase of the particle sizes and their polydispersity index of the polyurethane emulsions.When the content of the polysiloxanes was less than 6% the emulsions could be stable in storage.Modification by polysiloxanes enhanced the hydrophobic performance of the coatings so that the coated fabrics did not became sticky in case of moisture absorption,but also resulted in the decrease of water vapor permeability of the coatings.With the modification of crosslinking agent,the resistance to the hydrostatic pressure of the coated fabrics was obviously enhanced,and the sticky hand feeling due to moisture absorption tended to decrease.However,the modification of crosslinking agent was also inclined to result in the hard hand feeling of the coated fabrics.When the OH/NCO ratio of the two-component waterborne polyurethanes was no more than 1∶3,the coated fabrics showed soft hand feeling.

关 键 词：水性聚氨酯 防水性 涂层 可水分散多异氰酸酯 

分 类 号：TS17[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]