桃树抗蚜虫品种对田间昆虫种群消长动态的影响  

Effects of aphid-resistant varieties of peach on the growth dynamics of insect populations in the field

作　　者：闫乐乐 涂洪涛[1] 方俊杰 牛良[1] 曾文芳[1] 崔国朝[1] 鲁振华[1] 段文宜 孙世航 潘磊[1] 王志强[1] YAN Lele;TU Hongtao;FANG Junjie;NIU Liang;ZENG Wenfang;CUI Guochao;LU Zhenhua;DUAN Wenyi;SUN Shihang;PAN Lei;WANG Zhiqiang(Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450009,Henan,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所,郑州450009

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第7期1434-1442,共9页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家现代农业桃产业技术体系(CARS-30-2-01);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32071800);中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2022-ZFRI)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究试验条件下田间种植抗蚜品种对昆虫的种类和数量造成的影响,为将来抗蚜品种推广后拟采用的植保栽培措施提供指导。【方法】在抗蚜地块早春不防治蚜虫和对照地块正常防治蚜虫的情况下,利用马来式网收集法、昆虫性诱剂诱捕法和目测调查法,在昆虫主要生长季节(3—8月),对抗蚜地块和对照地块内的昆虫群落组成和昆虫群落个体数量的动态变化进行分析。【结果】全生长季节抗蚜地块共诱集到昆虫5955头,分属9个目;对照地块共诱集昆虫4606头,分属8个目。抗蚜地块诱集到的昆虫总数大于对照地块,抗蚜地块前期(3月下旬至6月下旬)诱集到的昆虫总数大于对照地块,后期数量基本一致。与对照地块比较,抗蚜地块中的优势昆虫种群(双翅目、半翅目、鳞翅目和膜翅目)的昆虫总数存在发生高峰提前和总数增加的趋势。两地块诱集到的昆虫总数随时间变化趋势一致。抗蚜地块中的多数中性昆虫和天敌昆虫的数量也存在发生高峰提前和总数增加的趋势。两地块益、害虫比无明显差异。【结论】因早春未防治桃蚜,抗蚜品种的应用会出现田间昆虫总数增多的现象,了解抗蚜地块内昆虫群落的发生规律,为未来抗蚜品种应用推广采用适宜的植保措施提供了有益参考。【Objective】The purpose of this study was to find out the changes of insect community structure in the field growing aphid-resistant varieties of peach tree by using the method of insect mathematical ecology,so as to explore the effects of the aphid-resistant varieties on the species and numbers of insects caused by non-target insects.It would provide a reference for the plant protection cultivation measures adopted when the aphid-resistant varieties come into use in the future.【Methods】The aphid-resistant varieties and control varieties were used in the experiment in the Xinxiang Comprehensive Experimental Base of Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,In the case of using the aphid-resistant variety,aphid control was not applied in the early spring.The dynamic changes of insect community composition and number of insect community individuals in the plots using the aphid-resistant variety and control variety were analyzed by Malay net collection method,insect sex pheromone trapping method and visual survey method.【Results】A total of 5955 insects samples were collected in the plot using aphid-resistant variety and they belonged to 9 orders.They were Diptera,Hemiptera,Lepidoptera,Hymenoptera,Arachnoidea,Neuroptera,Coleoptera,Orthoptera,and Thysanoptera.A total of 4606 insect samples were collected in the CK plot and they belonged to 8 orders.They were Diptera,Hemiptera,Lepidoptera,Hymenoptera,Arachnoidea,Neuroptera,Coleoptera and Orthoptera.The total number of insects collected in the plot using aphid-resistant variety was greater than those in the CK plot,and there was no significant difference in the percentage of insects of each order in the two plots.The pests in the plot using the aphid-resistant variety accounted for 40.70%of the total number of the insects and 35.93%in the control plot.The pests included Lepidoptera,Hemiptera and Arachnoidea.The beneficial insects in the plot using the aphid-resistant variety accounted for 15.95%of the total number of the inse

关 键 词：桃树 抗蚜品种 昆虫群落 动态变化 防治建议 

分 类 号：S662.1[农业科学—果树学]