NAC转录因子在果实成熟中的调控作用  

The roles of NAC transcription factors in regulating fruit ripening

作　　者：卓茂根 王惠聪[1] ZHUO Maogen;WANG Huicong(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Litchi Engineering Research Center,College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学农业农村部华南地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室·园艺学院广东省荔枝工程中心,广州510640

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第7期1455-1470,共16页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFD1000200);广州市科技计划项目(202103000057、202206010023)。

摘　　要：NAC转录因子是植物中最大的特异性转录因子家族之一,其依赖由高度保守的N端结构域和高度变异的C端转录调控结构域组成独特的NAC结构域发挥功能,在果实成熟的调控中发挥着重要的作用。在介绍NAC转录因子的结构特征及不同物种NAC基因的成员与分类的基础上,总结了近年来NAC转录因子在果实成熟过程中的积极作用,包括促进果实软化影响果实质地,促进叶绿素降解及类胡萝卜素、类黄酮和花色苷的合成决定果实着色、调控糖分积累影响果实糖酸比例以及促进多种芳香化合物合成积累形成果实特有风味、果实脱涩等方面,并阐述了NAC转录因子与内源激素特别是乙烯和ABA交互在调控果实成熟中的重要作用。总结了NAC转录因子调控果实成熟的潜在机制以及影响NAC表达的因素与分子通路,旨在为在果实成熟性状遗传改良与调控技术研发提供重要参考。Fruit ripening is a key stage in the growth and development of fruit trees.During ripening,fruit becomes soft and the levels of sugars,aroma,and pigments increase.The ripening of a fleshy fruit is not only closely related to the formation of fruit quality,but also to the storability after harvest.The fruit ripening is a genetically programmed and highly coordinated process involved in huge changes in a numbers of gene expressions.Besides the critical role of phytohormones,transcription factors have been known to be involved in fruit ripening.Among the numerous transcription factor families in plants,NAC(NAM,ATAF1/2,and CUC2)transcription factor is one of the largest specific transcription factor families,which consists of a highly conserved N-terminal domain and a highly variable Cterminal transcriptional regulatory domain.Wide varieties of the NAC genes are important for plants response to biotic and abiotic stresses,such as response to light and temperature,salt and drought stress,pathogenic bacteria stress.The NACs have been shown to be involved in the regulation of a numerous ripening related processes in diverse species including tomato,apple,strawberry,banana,peach,litchi,citrus and so on.Increasing evidences have confirmed the key function of NACs in the regulation of fruit ripening including fruit softening,chlorophyll degradation,carotenoid metabolism,biosynthesis of flavonoids and anthocyanins,sugar accumulation,biosynthesis of aroma compounds etc.In the present paper,we reviewed the protein structure,number of the members and the phylogenetic tree of NACs of the different fruit crops,and the function of NAC transcription factors in fruit ripening.Some members of NAC family have been identified and characterized in model plants like Arabidopsis,petunia and to bacco,as well as fruit crops like apple,citrus,and Pyrus spp.The extensive investigation aided by the availability of several complete plant genomic sequences has identified 253 NAC genes in apple,185 in pear,181 in banana,145 in sweet orange,70 in

关 键 词：果实成熟 NAC转录因子 软化 着色 糖分积累 芳香化合物合成 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]