晚熟柑橘新品种春红糖橘的选育  

Breeding report of a new late-ripening citrus cultivar Chunhongtangju

作　　者：黄永敬[1] 林肖楠 黄东瑞 吴文[1] 马培恰[1] HUANG Yongjing;LIN Xiaonan;HUANG Dongrui;WU Wen;MA Peiqia(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Province Key Laboratary of Tropical and Subtropical Fruit Tree Research,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China;Agricultural Cultivar Demonstration and Promotion Center of Zhaoqing City,Zhaoqing 526000,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640 [2]肇庆市农业良种示范推广中心,广东肇庆526000

出　　处：《果树学报》2023年第7期1486-1489,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：以农产品为单元的广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队建设项目(2022KJ108、2023KJ108);广州市农村科技特派员项目(20212100019);肇庆市科技计划项目(2021N015);国家现代农业(柑橘)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-26)。

摘　　要：春红糖橘是从砂糖橘(Citrus reticulata Blanco)芽变中选育的晚熟柑橘新品种。该品种果实扁圆形,果形指数0.83,单果质量60.2 g,果皮橙色至橙红色,果面光滑。果皮厚1.9 mm,易剥皮,果肉橙红色,脆嫩、化渣、多汁,清甜有蜜味,风味浓郁,食后回甘,品质优良。可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为15.6%,可滴定酸含量0.29%,维生素C含量(ρ)15.0 mg·100 mL^(-1),可食率77.9%。果实于12月下旬着色,2月下旬成熟,生育期约330 d,成熟期比砂糖橘推迟60 d以上,单一品种或与砂糖橘混栽时无核(单果种子数0.82粒)。采用SSR分子标记对春红糖橘的遗传特性进行鉴定,表明该品种与砂糖橘在DNA水平上存在差异,具有遗传特异性,具备成为新品种的遗传条件。春红糖橘的树势健壮,树姿较开张,其抗旱、抗病性及丰产性与砂糖橘相当,4年生树平均株产32.6 kg,但耐寒性比砂糖橘强,适宜在华南地区推广栽植。Chunhongtangju tangerine,a new late-ripening and fresh-eating citrus cultivar,was selected from the bud mutation of Shatangju(Citrus reticulata Blanco),a cultivar whose cultivated area is the largest in South China.It was initially selected in 2007 for its different mature period,and the further characteristic observation on the bud mutation variety was from 2008 to 2010.To evaluate its regional adaptability,the new bud mutation variety was tested respectively at three sites(including Qingyuan,Guangzhou and Zhaoqing in Guangdong province)over eight years from 2011 to 2019.Through years of investigation on its botanical/biological characteristics and fruit quality during the citrus bearing seasons,it showed a consistent genetic stability.It was selected as the excellent bud mutation variety of common Shatangju for promotion in 2019,and it was applied for and obtained the new plant varieties right in 2021.The trees of Chunhongtangju are moderately vigorous,with high bud break rate and branch development capability.Its fruit is oblate in shape,the longitudinal and transverse diameters of fruit is 42.15 mm and 50.66 mm,respectively,and the fruit shape index is 0.83,with an orange-red or smooth orange-colored peel.The average weight per fruit is 60.2 g with a pericarp thickness of 1.9 mm,and it is easy to peel off.The pulp is orange-colored and the texture is crispy,melting and fragrant.The soluble solids content is 15.6%,the titratable acid content is 0.29%,the ascorbic acid(Vitamin C)content is 15.0 mg per 100 mL fruit juice,and the edible rate is 77.9%.The first flowering date is in mid-March,the fruit development period is about 330 days and the fruit can be harvested in late February of the next year in Qingyuan area,Guangdong province.Under the same conditions,the average yield of four-yearold trees is approximately 2868 kg per 666.7 m^(2),showing the high and stable yield characteristics as Shatangju.The SSR molecular markers were employed as a genetic classification approach to discriminate this new cultivar a

关 键 词：柑橘 新品种 春红糖橘 芽变 

分 类 号：S666[农业科学—果树学]