论公司发起人连带责任的限制--对《公司法司法解释三》第十三条第三款的反思  

On The Limitations of Several Liability of The Company Promoters--A Rethink of Paragraph 3 of Article 13 of The Judicial Interpretation III of The Company Law

作　　者：陈思 CHEN Si(Zhongshan Open University,Zhongshan,Guangdong,China,528403)

机构地区：[1]中山开放大学,广东中山528403

出　　处：《广东开放大学学报》2023年第3期60-67,共8页JOURNAL OF GUANGDONG OPEN UNIVERSITY

摘　　要：根据《公司法司法解释三》第十三条第三款,不仅股东需要在未出资范围内对公司债务向债权人承担补充赔偿责任,公司的其他发起人还需要为该补充责任承担连带责任。该款的法律基础在于:股份有限公司的债权人因代位权,获得了对其他发起人的求偿权。由于发起人可以包括有限责任公司设立时的股东,故有限责任公司也可适用该规则。该第三款存在明显且严重的问题,主要包括其所规定的连带责任没有明确的规范依据,该连带责任不仅突破了股东有限责任的原则,也不符合公司法发展趋势,且很易导致个案不公平和诚信危机。公司其他发起人对未全面履行出资义务股东补充赔偿责任的连带责任,需要受到有效、合理的限制,限制的方式主要包括:发起人之间无条件连带责任应限于非货币财产出资,发起人为以货币出资的股东承担连带责任时应当具备一定的限制性条件,同时公司债权人应为善意。As prescribed in paragraph 3 of article 13 of the judicial interpretation III of the Company Law,not only do shareholders need to bear supplementary compensation liability to creditors for the debts within the scope of non-capital contribution,but other promoters of the company also need to bear joint and several liability for the supplementary liability.The legal basis of this paragraph is that the creditors of the joint stock limited company have obtained the right of claim against other promoters due to subrogation.The limited liability company can also use this rule since the promoters may include the shareholders of the limited liability company at the time of its establishment.However,there are obvious and serious problems in the third paragraph,mainly as that the joint and several liability stipulated in the third paragraph has no solid normative basis,not only breaking the principle of limited liability of shareholders,but also does failing to conform to the development trend of the Company Law,easily leading to unfair cases and credit crisis.The joint and several liability of other promoters should be effectively and reasonably limited,i.e.joint and several liability between promoters should be limited to non-monetary property contribution,and there should be corresponding restrictions,also the creditors of the company should be in good faith.

关 键 词：公司债权人 发起人 连带责任 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学]