创伤的疗愈和共同体的新生——论《宠儿》中魔幻现实主义手法的运用  

The Healing of Trauma and Regeneration of Community:On the Functions of Magic Realism in Toni Morrison's Beloved

作　　者：生安锋[1] Sheng Anfeng

机构地区：[1]清华大学外文系

出　　处：《英美文学研究论丛》2023年第1期15-26,共12页English and American Literary Studies

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“美国族裔文学中的文化共同体思想研究”(21&ZD281);北京市哲学社会科学基金重点项目“后殖民主义、世界主义与中国文学的世界性研究”(18WXA002);清华大学自主科研计划专项(2019THZWJC52)的阶段成果。

摘　　要：诺贝尔文学奖获得者托尼·莫里森在其代表作《宠儿》中精彩地运用了魔幻现实主义手法,使得诡异与虚幻的小说场景充满了现实性和政治性意义,也使得人物能够更勇敢地直面过去的创伤经历并得以重建身份,重新鼓起继续生活下去的勇气。本文通过探索宠儿这一鬼孩形象与个体创伤及集体性创伤之间的关系,指出莫里森正是借助鬼孩这一独特的艺术形象,具象地揭示了奴隶制的罪恶及其所带来的绵延几百年的伤痛和深远的负面影响。在莫里森看来,历史是不会凭空消失的,我们需要意识到,为了个体和共同体的存续,我们应该不断回溯包括奴隶制在内的创伤性历史事件,正视人类过去的罪恶和人性中的邪恶,在历史与当下之间建立起密切联系,否则我们将无法找到灵魂的归宿。The Nobel laureate in literature Toni Morrison charges her work Beloved with realistic and political significance by employing the technique of magic realism.By adopting the grotesque and uncanny scenes in the novel,she could better make her characters face the unbearable traumatic experiences and rebuild their identities,find enough courage to live on and enough love to reconcile,and recollect their shattered life.By exploring the relations between Beloved the baby ghost and the collective as well as the individual traumas of the Afro-Americans,the author points out that it is through creating the unique image of the baby ghost that Morrison could so marvelously disclose the crimes of slavery and reify the pains and repercussions which have been lasting for generations.To Morrison,history does just pass by and disappear;historical events and traumas need to be constantly reviewed and“rememoryed”,human crimes and wickedness need to be faced squarely and scrutinized thoroughly in order to build up the connection between the past and the present,and to find home for our torn souls and peace for our broken hearts.

关 键 词：莫里森 《宠儿》 魔幻现实主义 创伤 文化共同体 

分 类 号：I712.074[文学—其他各国文学]