传统抗蛇毒血清的改进及新型抗蛇毒抗体的展望  

Optimization of traditional antivenom and prospect of new antivenom antibody

作　　者：王磊 杨廷潺 范泉水 WANG Lei;YANG Tingchan;FAN Quanshui(Zhejiang Jianbo Biotechnology Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo City,Zhejiang Province,315602,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江健博生物科技股份有限公司,浙江宁波315602

出　　处：《蛇志》2023年第2期165-171,共7页Journal of Snake

摘　　要：毒蛇咬伤病情急、危害大,需及时治疗,抗蛇毒血清是治疗毒蛇咬伤的唯一特效药。传统的抗蛇毒血清是从动物超免血浆中提取的单蛇毒特异性或多蛇毒特异性免疫球蛋白或免疫球蛋白片段,其外源蛋白的本质属性在临床应用时可引起过敏性反应。新型人源化单克隆抗体技术提供了毒蛇咬伤治疗用人源化和高亲和力抗体的制造手段,是抗蛇毒血清的发展趋势。本文探讨了传统抗蛇毒血清改进优化的方法,以及新型抗蛇毒抗体开发现状及展望,以期为提升抗蛇毒血清质量和升级换代提供参考。Patients suffered snakebite envenoming which are urgent and harmful needs prompt treatment.Antivenom is the only specific drug for treating snake bites.Traditional antivenom is composed of single-venom-specific or multi-venom-specific immunoglobulin or its fragments extracted from animal hyper-immune plasma,the essential attribute of its exogenous protein determines that it is difficult to avoid anaphylaxis in clinical application.The novel humanized monoclonal antibody technology provides a means of manufacturing humanized and high-affinity antibodies for the treatment of snakebite,and is the development trend of antivenom.This paper discusses the improvement and optimization methods of traditional antivenom serum,as well as the development status and prospect of novel antivenom antibody,in order to provide a reference for improving and upgrading of antivenom.

关 键 词：抗蛇毒血清 单克隆抗体 单链可变区片段 人源化抗体 

分 类 号：R9[医药卫生—药学]