不同经营模式对华北落叶松人工林生长与物种多样性的影响  

Effects of different management modes on growth and species diversity of Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation

作　　者：万超 王冰鹤 曹国红 姚晨昊 刘子剑 谷建才[1] 任士福[1] WAN Chao;WANG Binghe;CAO Guohong;YAO Chenhao;LIU Zijian;GU Jiancai;REN Shifu(College of Forestry,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071000,China)

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学林学院,河北保定071000

出　　处：《林业与生态科学》2023年第3期261-268,共8页Forestry and Ecological Sciences

基　　金：河北省林业和草原局科学技术研究项目(2103045)。

摘　　要：为研究不同经营模式对落叶松人工林生长与多样性的影响,为华北落叶松森林经营提供理论依据,以河北省木兰围场国有林场龙头山种苗场华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,采用随机布设与固定样地相结合的方法进行样地调查,研究N、T和CK 3种经营模式对华北落叶松人工林生长与多样性的影响。N模式林分胸径年均生长量、平均单株材积年均生长量均高于T模式和CK模式,经营2、4、6年,N模式胸径年均生长量分别是T模式和CK模式的1倍、1倍、1.2倍、1.9倍、1.3倍、1.9倍,N模式平均单株材积年均生长量分别是T模式和CK模式的1倍、1.07倍、1.01倍、1.04倍、1.03倍、1.06倍;随着经营时间增加,径级分布在不断的变化,CK模式小径阶株数量百分比偏多,N模式和T模式中径阶株数量百分比偏多,N模式和T模式林分胸径分布相对CK模式向右偏移,N模式林分16 cm及以上径阶株数量百分比比T模式和CK模式提高了30.97%、17.24%;随着经营时间增加,N模式和N模式下灌草层物种数量呈现增加趋势,而CK模式下灌草物种数量呈现下降趋势。经营2年,N模式和T模式Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数与CK模式无显著性差异;经营6年,N模式和T模式物种多样性指数均大于CK模式(P<0.05),草本层Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数和Pielou均匀度指数和灌木层Shannon-Wiener指数、Simpson指数、Pielou均匀度指数均有显著提高(P<0.05)。N模式促进华北落叶松人工林生长和物种多样性;对于华北落叶松林人工林而言,森林经营效果取决于长时间尺度上提高林分生长量,还需要对样地进行长期的监测和研究。To study the effects of different management modes on the growth and diversity of larch plantation,and provided theoretical basis for the management of larch forest in north China.Taking the Larix principis-rupprechtii plantation in Longtoushan Seed Farm,Mulanweichang National Forestry Administration of Heibei Province as the research object,the sample plots were investigated by the method of combining random distribution and fixed sample plots,and the effects of N,T and CK management modes on the growth and diversity of L.principis-rupprechtii plantation were studied.The average annual growth of DBH and average annual growth of single tree volume in N model were higher than those in T model and CK model.After 2,4 and 6 years of operation,the average annual growth of DBH in N model was 1,1,1.2,1.9,1.3 and 1.9 times of that in T model and CK model,respectively.The average annual growth of single tree volume in N model was 1,1.07,1.01,1.04,1.03 and 1.06 times of that in T model and CK model,respectively;With the increase of management time,the diameter class distribution was constantly changing.The number percentage of small diameter class plants in CK mode was higher,the number percentage of diameter class plants in N mode and T mode was higher,the DBH distribution of N mode and T mode stood shifts to the right relative to CK mode,and the number percentage of diameter class plants in N mode stands of 16 cm and above was 30.97%and 17.24%higher than that of T mode and CK mode;With the increase of operation time,the number of shrub and grass species under N mode and N mode increased,while the number of shrub and grass species under CK mode decreased.After 2 years of operation,there was no significant difference between the Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index and Pielou evenness index of N mode,T mode and CK mode;After 6 years of operation,the species diversity index of N model and T model were higher than that of CK model(P<0.05),and the Shannon-Wiener index,Simpson index and Pielou evenness index of herb layer and sh

关 键 词：华北落叶松 经营模式 生长 林分结构 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S753.5[农业科学—森林经理学]