瞬时胀裂破岩技术在厚层砂岩顶板控制中的应用  

Application of instantaneous swelling rock breaking technology in thick sandstone roof control

作　　者：张海龙 ZHANG Hailong(Shaanxi Zhongtai Energy Investment Co.,Ltd.,Yulin 719109,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西中太能源投资有限公司,陕西榆林719109

出　　处：《陕西煤炭》2023年第4期187-191,216,共6页Shaanxi Coal

摘　　要：上覆厚层砂岩顶板大面积悬顶会进一步加大围岩应力集中程度,引起工作面压架等事故。为实现厚层砂岩顶板条件下的无煤柱安全高效开采,设计了一种以单裂面瞬时胀裂器为主的瞬时胀裂破岩技术。在明确瞬时胀裂破岩原理的基础上,以数值模拟的方式对普通爆破和瞬时膨胀破岩条件下的应力分布和岩石损伤进行了对比分析,发现瞬时胀裂破岩能实现对应力波的导向控制作用,只在切缝方向上对岩石产生损伤破坏。通过分析钻孔窥视效果,对比和朱家峁煤矿“110工法”留巷效果等情况,认为在控制厚层坚硬顶板来压时,瞬时胀裂破岩能实现安全高效定向破岩,可以满足无煤柱自成巷平衡开采的要求。The stress concentration of surrounding rock will further increase due to the large-area suspended overlying thick sandstone rock roof,resulting in the accident of support collapse in work face.In order to realize safe and effective mining with non-coal pillar under conditions of thick sandstone roof,instantaneous swelling rock breaking technology dominated single-fracture-surfaced instantaneous expander is designed.On the basis of principle of instantaneous swelling rock breaking,the comparison analysis of the stress distribution and rock damage under conditions of conventional blasting and instantaneous swelling rock breaking is carried out using digital simulation method.It is found that stress wave’s directional control is realized by instantaneous swelling rock breaking,only inducing damage to rock at the cutting direction.After analysis of borehole peep effect and“110 construction method”retaining entry effect in Zhujiamao Coal Mine,the author believes that safe and high efficiency can be achieved by instantaneous swelling rock breaking when controlling the strata behavior of extremely thick and hard roof,thus meeting the requirement for non-pillar balanced mining with entry automatically retained by roof cutting and pressure release.

关 键 词：厚层砂岩 顶板控制 破岩技术 单裂面瞬时胀裂器 钻孔窥视 留巷效果 

分 类 号：TD327[矿业工程—矿井建设]