19世纪甘青农牧交错地带的社会秩序与基层治理  

Social Order and Grassroots Governance in Gansu and Qinghai Ethnic Interaction Areas during 19th Century

作　　者：屈斌 QU Bin(School of History and Culture,Hebei Normal University,Shijiazhuang 050024,China)

机构地区：[1]河北师范大学历史文化学院,河北石家庄050024

出　　处：《北方民族大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第4期86-94,共9页Journal of North Minzu University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“清末民国甘青地区的羊毛贸易与社会变迁研究”(20CZS075)。

摘　　要：清朝内陆边疆的构建是国家和边地人群共同参与的过程,也是国家目标与地方的非官方制度相互调适、融合的过程。清代甘青农牧交错地带是蒙、“番”民族的交互地带。18世纪中叶以降,蒙、“番”越界成为甘青边地的主要社会问题。清廷也从“意存畛域”的蒙、“番”分治转向新的区域治理实践。中间人群有着自己的生业与政治传统。新编千百户不仅带来崭新的政治观念和理念,而且与当地传统的有关权利和领导的价值观念产生互动,重塑“番民”的政治意识。当地游牧民根据不同的社群安排,在基层治理方面逐渐形成一套相沿已久的合作传统,即“求德合”制。Since the mid-18th century,the invasion of Mongol and“Fan”(番)tribes has become the main social problem in Gansu and Qinghai.The Mongol Zhasake and Qing officials,for their respective purposes,coincidentally labeled the“middleman”as“Wild Fan”(野番)Correspondingly,the Qing government shifted from the traditional governance of the Mongols and“Fan”tribes to a new regional governance practice.The establishment of the new positions of“qianhu”and“baihu”not only brought about new political concepts and ideas,but also interacted with the local traditional values regarding rights and leadership,reshaping the political consciousness of the“Fan”people.According to the arrangements of different communities,local nomads gradually formed a long-standing tradition of cooperation in grassroots governance,namely,the“Qiudehe(求德合)”system.

关 键 词：中间人群 千百户 “求德合”制 

分 类 号：K24[历史地理—历史学]