外空资源法律属性的界定与中国立场  

Definition of Legal Attributes of Outer Space Resources and China’s Position

作　　者：段欣 DUAN Xin(Institute of International Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan Hubei 430072,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉大学国际法研究所,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《北京航空航天大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期139-148,共10页Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics：Social Sciences edition Edition

摘　　要：人类开发外空资源实际上是将人类对资源的无限欲望延伸至外空,界定外空资源的法律属性是研究外空资源开发法律问题的起点。依据人性的贪婪与否对外空资源的法律属性进行划分,基于“不贪婪”的人性,对外空资源法律属性作出的判断就是“人类共同遗产”;而基于“贪婪”的人性,对外空资源法律属性作出的判断就是“无主物”。在追溯“人类共同遗产主张”和“无主物主张”的中国和西方思想渊源、明确界定两种主张在外空语境下的含义、深入分析两种主张在外空领域的适用现状、讨论两种主张在中国相关制度建设和实践中的适用性问题及对两种主张进行评析的基础上,提出了关于外空资源法律属性的中国立场。中国在外空资源法律属性方面的立场应该是坚持“和平开发利用外空资源”“外空资源归全人类共同所有”“外空资源开发利用应对全人类负责”,以及外空资源开发“合作”治理等人类共同遗产主张。Human exploitation of outer space resources is actually to extend human’s infinite desire for resources to outer space.Defining the legal attributes of outer space resources is the starting point of research on outer space resources exploitation.The legal attributes of outer space resources are classified based on whether human beings are greedy or not.If the human nature is“not greedy”,the legal attribute of outer space resources is judged as“common heritage of mankind”,while the legal attribute of outer space resources is judged as“res nullius”,if the human nature is greedy.After exploring the Chinese and western origins of the propositions of“common heritage of mankind”and“res nullius”,the paper clearly defines the connotation of these two propositions in the context of outer space,analyzes in-depth the current situation of the application of these two propositions in the field of outer space,discusses the applicability issue of the two propositions in China’s relevant system construction and practice,and evaluates the two propositions.In addition,it puts forward China’s position on the legal attributes of outer space resources.China should adhere to the proposition of common heritage of mankind,that is,“peaceful exploitation and utilization of outer space resources”“common ownership of outer space resources by all mankind”“responsibility of all mankind for the exploitation and utilization of outer space resources”and“cooperative”governance of outer space resources exploitation and so on.

关 键 词：外空资源开发 人类共同遗产 无主物 法律属性 人类命运共同体 

分 类 号：D999.1[政治法律—国际法学]