顾及时空过程的台风灾害事件知识图谱表示方法  

Knowledge Graph Representation of Typhoon Disaster Events based on Spatiotemporal Processes

作　　者：王益鹏 张雪英[1,2] 党玉龙 叶鹏 WANG Yipeng;ZHANG Xueying;DANG Yulong;YE Peng(Key Laboratory of Virtual Geographic Environment,Nanjing Normal University,Ministry of Education,Nanjing 210023,China;Jiangsu Center for Collaborative Innovation in Geographical Information Resource Development and Application,Nanjing 210023,China;Urban Planning and Development Institute,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China;College of Architectural Science and Engineering,Yangzhou University,Yangzhou 225127,China)

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学虚拟地理环境教育部重点实验室,南京210023 [2]江苏省地理信息资源开发与利用协同创新中心,南京210023 [3]扬州大学城市规划与发展研究院,扬州225127 [4]扬州大学建筑科学与工程学院,扬州225127

出　　处：《地球信息科学学报》2023年第6期1228-1239,共12页Journal of Geo-information Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41971337);国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFB3900903)。

摘　　要：我国是受台风影响最严重的国家之一,台风灾害严重威胁着沿海地区的社会经济和自然环境。近年来,随着知识图谱相关理论和应用技术的发展,其强大的知识整合与表达能力可以为台风灾害事件的动态监测与管理决策提供有力支持。针对当前台风灾害事件相关模型对时空过程表达不足等方面存在的问题,首先,从台风灾害机理出发,通过对台风灾害事件组成要素和动态特性的分析,提出从概念、对象、状态、特征和关系5个层次建立的台风灾害事件知识表达模型。其次,充分顾及台风灾害事件信息的多粒度特性,在模型中将不同的特征信息统一到各个对象中。为了突出台风灾害事件的时空过程,以状态作为过程在特定时空下的截面。最后,以2021年台风烟花事件为案例,构建了台风灾害事件知识图谱。结果表明,该模型不仅突出了事件中不同对象的特征刻画,通过多个对象的状态序列表达出台风灾害事件的时空过程,进一步提高台风灾害事件的全过程信息表达与存储,为应急决策方案提供有效的数据与决策辅助支持。China is one of the countries that are most severely affected by typhoons.The direct economic losses caused by typhoons amount to more than 10 billion yuan,and the affected population is more than one million each year in China.Typhoon disasters seriously threaten the social economy and natural environment of coastal areas.As a result,there is an immediate necessity to improve disaster emergency management and comprehensive disaster prevention and mitigation.With the concept of knowledge graph proposed by Google in2012,it has gradually become a research hotspot in the field of artificial intelligence and played a role in applications such as information retrieval,question answering,and decision analysis.The information integration and representation capability of the knowledge graphs can provide effective support for dynamic monitoring and management decisions of typhoon disaster events.There are problems with the current typhoon disaster models in the representation of spatiotemporal processes.Most disaster knowledge graphs are analyzed for single elements of disaster events,and the research on ontological representation and analysis of disaster development process is still lacking.Firstly,we propose a typhoon disaster events knowledge representation model established from five levels:concept,object,state,characteristic,and relationship,by analyzing the components and dynamic characteristics from the typhoon disaster mechanism.Second,this model considers the multi-granularity of typhoon event information,and unifies the different feature information into each object.Besides,in order to highlight the evolutionary characteristics of typhoon events,the state is taken as the cross-section of the process in a specific spatiotemporal feature.The state is an action or record of an object occurring in time and space.The process is the procedure that properties,forms,and patterns undergo as it gradually changes over time.Finally,we construct a knowledge graph of typhoon disaster events using the2021 severe typhoon In-Fa

关 键 词：台风灾害事件 时空过程 知识图谱 知识表达模型 知识表示 台风烟花 对象状态 灾情检索 

分 类 号：TP391.1[自动化与计算机技术—计算机应用技术] P444[自动化与计算机技术—计算机科学与技术]