全球断供危机下中国油料产业发展的破局逻辑与实现路——来自四川省三台县、湖北省监利县的经验  

The Breaking Logic and Realizing Path of China’s Oil Industry Development under the Global Supply Shortage Crisis

作　　者：陈子豪 高嘉琪 熊航[2] CHEN Zihao;GAO Jiaqi;XIONG Hang

机构地区：[1]金陵科技学院商学院,南京211169 [2]南京农业大学经济管理学院,南京210095

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2023年第6期111-120,共10页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目“异质性视角下农业重大病虫害协同防治的同群效应及干预机制研究”(编号:72073069);国家自然科学基金青年项目“风险和跨期决策视角下环境友好型地膜使用技术的农户采用决策及政策优化研究——基于实验经济学的方法”(编号:72103096);国家社会科学基金重点项目“构建促进农业科技自主创新的协同网络体系与政策工具研究”(编号:21AZD007)。

摘　　要：为应对全球粮食安全危机,2022年中央“一号文件”提出,大力实施大豆和油料产能提升工程。由于国内食用油产需缺口不断增大,加之国际市场油料价格波动和国家政策调控等原因,油料产业发展面临比较优势缺失、种植收入降低、产业链断裂风险等问题。作为中国油料作物的第一大作物、国产植物油的第一大油源,油菜对保障中国食用油安全具有战略意义。近年来国内部分油菜主产区产业升级方面积累了有益经验。在对比中国主要油料作物比较优势的基础上,本文以油菜为例,从资源禀赋和产业政策两个维度,对四川省三台县和湖北省监利县油菜产业竞争力提升的动力因子和典型做法进行详细阐述,并在总结成功经验的基础上为国内油料主产区的产业发展提供政策优化建议。In response to the global food security crisis,the No.1 central document of 2022 proposed to vigorously implement the soybean and oil production capacity improvement project.Due to the increasing gap between domestic edible oil production and demand,together with the fluctuation of oil prices in the international market and national policy regulation,the development of oil industry is faced with problems such as lack of comparative advantage,reduced planting income,and risk of industrial chain rupture.As the largest oil crop in China and the largest oil source of domestic vegetable oil,rape is of strategic significance to ensure the safety of edible oil in China.In recent years,some major oilseed rape producing counties have accumulated useful experience in industrial upgrading.On the basis of comparing the comparative advantages of China's main oilseed crops,this paper takes oilseed rape as an example,from the two dimensions of resource endowment and industrial policy,the dynamic factors and typical practices of the competitiveness improvement of Sichuan Santai and Hubei Jianli oilseed rape industry are elaborated,and on the basis of summarizing successful experience,it provides policy optimization suggestions for the industrial development of main oilseed producing areas in China.

关 键 词：全球粮食危机 油料作物 油菜产业 产业竞争力 节本增效 

分 类 号：F326.12[经济管理—产业经济]