不同改良剂及组合对苏打盐碱土改良效果  

Improvement Effect of Different Amendments and Combinations on Soda Saline-alkali Soil

作　　者：肖帆 王韵瑶 王鸿斌[1] 赵兰坡[1] 赵兴敏[1] 隋标[1] XIAO Fan;WANG Yunyao;WANG Hongbin;ZHAO Lanpo;ZHAO Xingmin;SUI Biao(College of Resources and Environment,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学资源与环境学院,长春130118

出　　处：《吉林农业大学学报》2023年第3期340-345,共6页Journal of Jilin Agricultural University

基　　金：吉林省科技发展计划项目(20170204002SF)。

摘　　要：针对苏打盐碱地难以生长作物的问题,研究了沸石(Z)、酸化沸石(ZH)、硫酸铝(AL)、硫酸铝+沸石(AL+Z)、硫酸铝+酸化沸石(AL+ZH)5种处理对苏打盐碱地的改良效果。结果表明:AL、AL+Z和AL+ZH处理能显著降低土壤溶液pH,并且提高平衡溶液中Na^(+)、Ca^(2+)和Mg^(2+)等含量;所有处理均能降低土壤钠吸附比(SAR);Z和ZH处理能够吸附土壤中的金属阳离子;所有处理对土壤容重的降低均有显著的效果;所有处理均能降低土壤交换性钠离子含量,降幅为25.2%~71.5%;所有处理均能降低土壤碱化度(ESP),降幅为14.4%~38.2%;AL、AL+Z和AL+ZH处理能显著提高土壤有机质含量;所有处理均能有效改善作物的生长发育状况;所有处理均能大幅提高水稻产量,其中第1年水稻产量提高率为41.2%~226.8%,第2年水稻产量提高率为64.9%~296.9%,2年均为AL+ZH处理产量最高;AL+ZH处理是改良效果最好的处理。Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to grow crops in soda saline-alkali land,the improvement effects of five treatments:Z,ZH,AL,AL+Z and AL+ZH on soda saline-alkali land were studied.The results showed that the treatments of AL,AL+Z and AL+ZH could significantly reduce soil solution pH and increase Na^(+),Ca^(2+)and Mg^(2+)contents in equilibrium solution;all treatments could reduce soil SAR;Z and ZH treatments could adsorb metal cations in soil;all treatments had significant effects on soil bulk density reduction;all treatments could reduce soil exchangeable sodium ion content by 25.2%-71.5%;all treatments could reduce soil alkalinity(ESP)by 14.4%-38.2%;AL,AL+Z and AL+ZH treatments could significantly increase the content of soil organic matter;all treatments could effectively improve the growth and development of crops;all treatments could significantly increase rice yield,with the increasing rate of 41.2%-226.8%in the first year and 41.2%-226.8%in the second year.The yield reached 64.9%-296.9%in two years,and the treatment of AL+ZH had the highest yield,and the treatment of AL+ZH had the best improvement effect.

关 键 词：苏打盐碱土 改良剂 有机质 水稻 产量 

分 类 号：S156.4[农业科学—土壤学]