微量肼对厌氧氨氧化生物膜长期运行效果的影响  

Effects of trace hydrazine on long-term operation of anammox biofilm

作　　者：娄雨晴 苑泉 王纯 王铁健 孙迎雪[1] 吕伟博 陈云 钱亮 贺北平 LOU Yuqing;YUAN Quan;WANG Chun;WANG Tiejian;SUN Yingxue;LYU Weibo;CHEN Yun;QIAN Liang;HE Beiping(School of Ecology and Environment,Beijing Technology and Business University,Beijing 100048,China;Tangshan Caofeidian City Drainage Co.Ltd.,Tangshan 063200,China;Thunip Corp.,Ltd.,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工商大学生态环境学院,北京100048 [2]唐山曹妃甸城市排水有限公司,唐山063200 [3]浦华控股有限公司,北京100084

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第5期1631-1640,共10页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFE0104900);北京工商大学青年教师科研启动基金项目(QNJJ2021-28)。

摘　　要：为探究微量肼(N_(2)H_(4))对厌氧氨氧化生物膜的长期影响,采用3个移动床生物膜反应器(moving bed biofilm reactor,MBBR)处理低浓度氨氮(50.9±3.6)mg·L^(-1)废水,分别加入0 mg·L^(-1)(对照组,R1)、5 mg·L^(-1)(R2)和10 mg·L^(-1)(R3)的微量N_(2)H_(4)后连续运行35 d,考察N_(2)H_(4)对MBBR系统中总氮去除速率(total nitrogen removal rate,TNRR)、生物量、胞外聚合物(extracellular polymeric substances,EPS)、血红素和微生物群落的影响。结果显示,运行末期相对于R1,R2和R3的NRR分别下降了53%和64%。N_(2)H_(4)质量浓度为5 mg·L^(-1)时,生物膜的EPS分泌量提高,触发了生物膜保护机制;当N_(2)H_(4)质量浓度为10 mg·L^(-1)时,生物膜的EPS和血红素含量均明显下降,N_(2)H_(4)对生物膜产生抑制作用。长期添加微量N_(2)H_(4)导致门水平中Planctomycetes和Candidatus_Kuenenia的相对丰度降低,可见,N_(2)H_(4)的加入可以使NRR短暂增长,但长期加入会对厌氧氨氧化生物膜产生生物毒性,抑制厌氧氨氧化菌(AnAOB)的活性。整体而言,5 mg·L^(-1)和10 mg·L^(-1)的N_(2)H_(4)的加入都难以维持MBBR长期稳定高效运行,其对厌氧氨氧化生物膜的负面影响更为明显。The long-term effect of trace N_(2)H_(4)on the anammox biofilm was investigated in moving bed biofilm reactors(MBBR)treating wastewater with low ammonia nitrogen concentration of(50.9±3.6)mg·L^(−1).After adding 0 mg·L^(−1)(control group,R1),5 mg·L^(−1)(R2)and 10 mg·L^(−1)(R3)of N_(2)H_(4)for 35 days,the effect of N_(2)H_(4)on the total nitrogen removal rate(TNRR),biomass,extracellular polymeric substances(EPS),and heme in the MBBR systems were evaluated.The results showed that compared with R1,the NRR decreased by 53%and 64%at the end of the operation period in R2 and R3,respectively.5 mg·L^(−1)N_(2)H_(4)could trigger the protective mechanism of the biofilm and increased EPS secretion from it.10 mg·L^(−1)N_(2)H_(4)resulted in the obvious decrease of EPS and heme content,and N_(2)H_(4)inhibited the activity of anammox in biofilms.Meanwhile,long-term addition of trace N_(2)H_(4)reduced the abundance of Planctomycetes at phylum level and reduced that of Candidatus_Kuenenia at genus level.It can be seen that the addition of N_(2)H_(4)initially increased the NRR,but the long-term addition produced biological toxicity and inhibit the activity of AnAOB.Overall,the addition of 5 mg·L^(−1)and 10 mg·L^(−1)N_(2)H_(4)could not lead to a stably and efficiently long-term operation of MBBR,but result in a more significant negative effect on the anammox biofilm.

关 键 词：外源肼 厌氧氨氧化 移动床生物膜反应器 胞外聚合物 血红素 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]