以尿液为阳极基质的微生物燃料电池研究进展  

Research progress of microbial fuel cell based on urine as anode substrate

作　　者：李子富 阿尼卡尔江·阿力坎 周晓琴 LI Zifu;ARKIN·Ankarjan;ZHOU Xiaoqin(School of Energy and Environmental Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,,Centre for Sustainable Environmental Sanitation,Beijing 100084 China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学能源与环境工程学院,工业典型污染物资源化处理北京市重点实验室,北京100089

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2023年第4期1057-1070,共14页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0408700);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52270020)。

摘　　要：微生物燃料电池(MFC)是一种利用微生物将有机物中的化学能直接转化成电能的环境友好型技术,已成为污水资源化领域的研究重点。尿液以高有机浓度、高电导率、营养物质丰富且产量庞大等特点成为MFC的优选基质。梳理了近十年以尿液为阳极基质的MFC研究工作,详细阐述了尿液作为MFC阳极基质的优势和工作机理,以及该研究领域的发展历程;总结了以尿液为阳极基质的MFC中产电微生物、电极及膜材料、反应器构型等因素对产电性能的影响;在现有研究的基础上就产电性能、能源与资源回收效益的提升以及工程化应用方面现存挑战与发展方向给出建议,以期为更好地解决基于尿液为阳极基质的MFC在实际应用中的难题提供参考。Microbial fuel cell is an environmentally friendly technology in the bio-electrochemical system.It can directly convert the chemical energy in organic wastewater into electrical energy by virtue of the metabolic capacity of electrogenic microorganisms and has gradually become the focus of research.Urine has become a good choice for microbial fuel cell substrate due to its high organic concentration,high conductivity,rich nutrients and large output.This paper reviewed the research work of microbial fuel cell base on urine as anode substrate in the past decade.First,the advantages and mechanism of urine as the substrate were demonstrated in detail,as well as the development history of this research field.Then the influence of factors such as electrogenerating microorganisms,electrode and membrane materials,reactor configuration,etc.on the electricity generation performance of MFC base on urine was summarized.Finally,on the basis of the existing research,suggestions were given on the current challenges and development directions in three aspects:power generation efficiency,improvement of energy and resource recovery efficiency,and engineering application,in order to solve the problems in the practical application of MFC treatment of urine better.

关 键 词：微生物燃料电池(MFC) 尿液 产电微生物 电极材料 能源回收 

分 类 号：X703.1[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X383