“符号敏感”:数字公众的新闻表达批评——基于44起新闻批评案例的文本研究  

"Sign Sensitivity":Criticism of News Expression of Digital Public

作　　者：张启锐 王辰瑶[2] Zhang Qirui;Wang Chenyao

机构地区：[1]南京大学新闻传播学院,江苏南京210023 [2]南京大学新闻创新实验室,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《传媒观察》2023年第6期72-81,共10页Media Observer

摘　　要：数字公众对新闻表达进行的批评是一个普遍存在但研究不足的现象。本文聚焦44个批评案例,探讨引发表达批评的新闻报道的文本特征,并初步分析了引发此类批评的可能原因和媒体应采取的应对策略。本研究发现:(一)新闻标题和微博词条是新闻表达批评的高发位置;(二)动词和名词是新闻表达批评的主要词性;(三)网民批评主要集中在新闻媒体对事实的“定性”不当上,并可能导致对媒体动机的怀疑;(四)网民对报道所涉及的当事人之间、报道者与报道对象和受众之间,以及事实之间的关系较为敏感;(五)网民批评形式上比较情绪化和偏激,但诉求基本合理,对新闻媒体的公正性、准确性提出了较高要求。这些发现可能给新闻媒体提供一种“镜像”,使媒体了解网民的诉求,并以此调整新闻叙述方式,规避新闻表达风险。Criticism of news expressions by the public in digital journalism is a common but underresearched phenomenon.Focusing on 44 cases,this paper examines the textual characteristics of news reports that provoke expression criticism and analyzes possible causes and response strategies that media outlets should adopt.This study reveals that:1)criticized expressions frequently appear in news titles and Weibo entries;2)verbs and nouns are the primary lexical forms criticized;3)netizens'criticism concerns the inappropriate"characterization"of facts by news media,which may lead to doubt about media motives;4)netizens are sensitive to the relationships among the parties involved in the report,the reporter,and the target audience,as well as the facts themselves;and 5)netizens'comments are more emotional and radical but reflect reasonable expectations for media impartiality and accuracy.These findings provide a"mirror"for news media to understand the demands of netizens and adjust their news narratives to avoid the risks of news expression.

关 键 词：数字公众 新闻批评 新闻表达 

分 类 号：G210[文化科学—新闻学]