日本国立大学内部治理:权力配置改革  

Internal Governance in Japanese National Universities:The Power Allocation Reform

作　　者：杨羽[1] 齐春梅 YANG Yu;QI Chun-mei(President's Office,Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210046;Center for Studies of Education and Psychology of Minorities,Southwest China of Southwest University,Chongqing,400715)

机构地区：[1]南京中医药大学校长办公室,江苏南京210046 [2]西南大学西南民族教育与心理研究中心,重庆400715

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2023年第3期114-121,共8页Tsinghua Journal of Education

摘　　要：日本国立大学法人化改革推动了大学内部权力机构和权力主体重置,形成了决策权、执行权、审议权、监督权、选举权和罢免权分权而立的多元利益主体共同参与事务决策的权力制衡机制。这种混合型治理结构促成了各方利益诉求的有效整合,形成了大学内部动态的价值与利益平衡。日本国立大学改革在带来成功的同时,也暴露出学部权力和责任关系不对等、校长集权缺乏有效监督等一系列问题。我国高校要批判地借鉴日本国立大学内部权力配置变革的经验,完善政策制度顶层设计,优化校院两级权力配置,形成多元参与的决策权结构。The incorporation reform of Japan's national universities promoted the rearrangement of power institutions and power subjects within the universities.It formed a power balance mechanism of decision-making power,executive power,deliberation power,supervision power,election power and recall power,with multiple stakeholders participating in decision-making.This hybrid governance structure facilitates the effective integration of interest demands of all parties and forms a dynamic balance between value and interest within the university.At the same time,the reform also exposed a series of problems,such as the imbalance between the power and responsibility of the department and the lack of effective supervision of the principal centralization.Chinese universities should critically learn from the experience of the power allocation reform in Japanese national universities,perfect the top-level design of policies and systems,optimize the power allocation at the two levels of universities and colleges,and form a decision-making power structure with multiple participation.

关 键 词：日本国立大学 内部治理 权力配置 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]