略论林爽文事件与清朝治理台湾地区政策的调整  

A Brief Discussion of Lin Shuangwen Incident and the Adjustment of the Qing Dynasty's Policy on Governing Taiwan

作　　者：李细珠 Li Xizhu

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学历史学院,北京市100101 [2]中国社会科学院近代史研究所,北京市100101

出　　处：《中国边疆史地研究》2023年第2期159-172,216,F0003,共16页China's Borderland History and Geography Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“台海两岸关系通史”(22VRC081)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：乾隆末年台湾地区林爽文事件爆发,清朝认识到百余年来对台湾地区的治理出现了严重问题,采取了一系列惩官抚民的措施,并逐步调整理台政策,如改御史巡台制度为福建军政大员巡台制度、改革官制、整顿班兵、改建城池、增开两岸对渡正口与开放移民携眷、清查“番界”以强化汉“番”隔离政策。这些政策调整,在一定程度上有助于加快台湾地区治理与开发的进程,从而进一步证明所谓清朝前期“消极治台”之说并不符合历史事实。The outbreak of the Lin Shuangwen incident in Taiwan at the end of the Qianlong reign made the Qing Dynasty realize that serious problems had arisen in the governance of Taiwan over the past century,and thus made some in-depth reflections.The Qing Dynasty took a series of measures to punish the officials and pacify the people,and gradually adjusted the Taiwan policy,such as changing the institution of imperial censors touring Taiwan to the institution of Fujian high military and political officials touring Taiwan,reforming the official system,rectifying the squad,rebuilding the city,increasing the cross-strait ports and allowing the immigration to bring family members,and checking the“Fan boundary”to strengthen the“Han-fan”isolation policy.These policy adjustments are to a certain extent help to speed up the process of Taiwan's governance and development,which further proves that the so-called“negative governance of Taiwan”by the Qing government in the early stage is not in line with historical facts.

关 键 词：清朝 台湾地区 林爽文事件 治台政策 乾隆皇帝 福康安 

分 类 号：K249[历史地理—历史学] D691[历史地理—中国史]