从信仰到权力——静寂主义问题的升级与博絮埃、费内隆之争的开始  

From Faith to Power——Escalation of the Issue of Quietism in France and the Beginning of the Dispute between Bossuet and Fenelon

作　　者：陈喆[1] Chen Zhe(Department of History,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275)

机构地区：[1]中山大学历史学系,广东广州510275

出　　处：《华中师范大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第4期150-163,共14页Journal of Central China Normal University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“西方政教关系核心文献整理、翻译与研究”(18ZDA216)。

摘　　要：1693至1695年,静寂主义问题在法国从原本并不起眼的争端演变为博絮埃和费内隆这两位王位继承人老师之间的矛盾。费内隆试图利用博絮埃在教会中的声望证明居荣夫人的主张并未偏离正统。而博絮埃却在看准风向之后通过谴责居荣夫人投入了曼特农夫人的阵营。两人的特殊身份必然导致政治势力趁机介入,更使得一场关于神学问题的争论逐渐显露出权力斗争的端倪。由于双方均站在道德制高点自我标榜,并立诸说之间无法调和,不仅让后来的研究者深感困惑,更致使两人关系恶化的原因和具体过程模糊不清。因此,探究静寂主义问题升级为博絮埃与费内隆之争的过程,有助于进一步了解法国政教两界上层人物之间盘根错节的利益关系网络,揭示路易十四执政后期意识形态之争与政治权力斗争之间微妙而复杂的联系。From 1693 to 1695,the issue of Quietism continued to ferment in France,from an otherwise unremarkable dispute to a conflict between Bossuet and Fénelon,tutors of Grand Dauphin and Duke of Burgundy respectively.Fénelon tried to use Bossuet's reputation in the Church to prove that the doctrine of Madame Guyon did not deviate from the orthodox of the Catholicism,whereas Bossuet threw himself into Madame Maintenon's camp by denouncing Madame Guyon and Fénelon after seeing the way in which the wind was blowing.Because of the special status of these two great churchmen,political groups inevitably seized the chance to intervene,and furthermore,a debate on theological issues gradually revealed itself as a power struggle.As both sides stood on the self-aggrandized moral high ground,the irreconcilable juxtaposition of their claims not only puzzled later researchers,but also led to the ambiguity of the reasons for and the exact process of the deterioration of the relationship between the two men.Thus,exploring the process of the escalation of the Quietism issue into the dispute between Bossuet and Fénelon will help to further the understanding of the complex network of interests between the upper echelons of the French political and religious sectors,and reveal the subtle and complicated connection between the ideological dispute and the struggle for political power in the later period of Louis XIV’s reign.

关 键 词：静寂主义 博絮埃 费内隆 居荣夫人 法国 

分 类 号：K565.3[历史地理—历史学] D756.5[历史地理—世界史]