晚清新政时期大学科学教育的开办——以京师大学堂为例  

Establishment of University Science Education in Late Qing Dynasty——Taking the Peking Imperial University as an Example

作　　者：白天鹏 BAI Tian-peng(School of Marxism,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing,102249,China)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学马克思主义学院,北京102249

出　　处：《教师教育研究》2023年第3期115-121,共7页Teacher Education Research

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究2021年度青年基金项目(21YJC770002)。

摘　　要：庚子事变后,京师大学堂在开拓有为的重建方针主导下,对科学教育重新布局、重新建设,大学堂于新设立的师范馆、预备科等教学机构中确立了以分类科为基础的课程模式,将科学课程集中于师范馆第三、第四类学科与预备科第二类学科内重点实施。在招收录取学生的环节中,大学堂十分关注考生科学知识的掌握程度,制定了若干与数理化科目相关的考试规定,在实践中严格执行。京师大学堂科学教育的开办带动了晚清科学教育体系的发展,在传播科学知识的同时更新了人们的观念,产生了社会启蒙的重要影响。然而,其自身存在的严重问题却难以解决,致使科学教育的整体水平大大降低。Science education of Peking Imperial University is built in an all-round and lasting way that it learned from expe-rience of Japanese universities under the guidance of active development policy as a result of reestablishing Imperial Univer-sity after the Gengzi Incident.Teacher’s training faculty and college preparatory department are established which adjusted to the mode of Classified Teaching in Imperial University.Science curriculum centralized implementation in the third and fourth specialties of teacher’s training faculty and second specialty of college preparatory department.There are clear rules and regulations on enrollment and examination about science subject that was carried out in practical process to show the at-tention to students’understanding of scientific knowledge in Peking Imperial University.Scinece education of Imperial Uni-versity promote and lead the development of science education system in the late Qing Dynasty and have important impact on social enlightenment while spreading scientific knowledge,however,its own problems can not be solved for a short while so that the effect of science education is seriously undermined and overall level of university science education is reduced in the late Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：京师大学堂 科学教育 大学 晚清 

分 类 号：G659.2[文化科学—教育学]