东部裕固语元音舌位研究——兼与蒙古语族语言比较  

A Research on Lingual Positions of Vowels in the Eastern Yugur Language:With a Comparison with Other Mongolic Languages

作　　者：周学文[1] ZHOU Xuewen

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院民族学与人类学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《民族语文》2023年第2期121-128,共8页Minority Languages of China

摘　　要：本文采用元音归一方法,即Z归一法,对东部裕固语元音发音舌位进行分析,并与其余7种蒙古语族语言/方言的3个主要元音/?/、/i/、/u/的舌位进行了比较。研究发现东部裕固语/?/的舌位非常低,/?/和/?/舌位非常接近,从元音音质上说,/?/似乎类似于/?/;/?/和/?/的舌位非常接近。东部裕固语与东乡语、保安语、土族语的舌位较为接近,其中/?/、/i/舌位与东乡语、保安语、土族语类似,而/u/舌位与蒙古语陈巴尔虎方言和察哈尔方言类似,和硕特方言的/?/最靠后、/i/最高,整体舌位范围最大。东部裕固语与蒙古语族其他语言元音舌位差异较大。In this paper,a vowel normalization method,the Z-normalization method,is used to analyze the lingual positions of the Eatern Yugur vowels in the Chinese Minority Phonetic Acoustic Parameter Platform,and a comparison is conducted on the lingual positions of the three main vowels/ɐ/,/i/and/u/in Eastern Yugur and seven other Mongolic languages and their dialects.It is found that the lingual position of the vowel/ʉ/in Eastern Yugur is very low,which is very close to that of/ə/.In terms of vowel quality,it seems that/ʉ/is similar to/ə/.In addition,/ʊ/and/ɔ/are also close in tongue positions.The lingual positions of Eastern Yugur vowels are similar to those of Dongxiang,Bao’an and Tu(aka Monguor)vowels;to be specific,the lingual positions of/ɐ/and/i/are similar to those of their counterparts in Dongxiang,Bao’an and Tu languages,while the lingual position of/u/is similar to that of its counterpart in the Chenbarhu and Chahar dialects.Among all Mongolic languages,the lingual position of/ɐ/is the most backward and that of/i/is the highest in the Heshuote dialect,and the overall range of tongue positions of the Heshuote vowels is the biggest.Eastern Yugur shows great differences from other Mongolic languages in tongue positions of vowels.

关 键 词：蒙古语族语言 东部裕固语 元音 舌位 元音归一 

分 类 号：H212[语言文字—少数民族语言] H235