三聚氰胺-三聚氰酸自组装薄竹的阻燃性能  

Flame retardancy of thin bamboo self-assembly with melamine-cyanic acid

作　　者：王琮琮 顾仲凯 林鹏[3,4] 张毓格 俞友明 侯俊峰[3] WANG Congcong;GU Zhongkai;LIN Peng;ZHANG Yuge;YU Youming;HOU Junfeng(Zhejiang Kewei Testing Certification Co.Ltd.,Jiaxing 314100,China;Zhejiang Yunfeng New Materials Co.Ltd.,Huzhou 313200,China;School of Chemistry and Materials Engineering,Zhejiang A&F University,Hangzhou 311300,China;ZhongHang Monitoring&Testing Technology Research Institute Co.Ltd.,Hangzhou 310022,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江科维检测认证有限公司,嘉兴314100 [2]浙江云峰新材股份有限公司,湖州313200 [3]浙江农林大学化学与材料工程学院,杭州311300 [4]中杭监测有限公司,杭州310022

出　　处：《林业工程学报》2023年第4期51-58,共8页Journal of Forestry Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31800473)。

摘　　要：以三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸为阻燃剂,采用自组装技术对刨切薄竹试样进行浸渍处理以提高其阻燃性能。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)仪、X射线衍射(XRD)仪、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和热重分析(TG-DTG)仪等对薄竹表面所形成的阻燃层成分、形貌变化以及阻燃机理进行表征。通过锥形量热仪对自组装薄竹的燃烧特性进行表征,揭示质量分数比对自组装薄竹阻燃性能的影响规律。FT-IR、XRD和SEM测试结果表明,在3469和1659 cm^(-1)处出现了新吸收峰,证实了三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸通过自组装生成三聚氰胺-三聚氰酸盐,并沉积在薄竹试样表面形成阻燃层。根据TG-DTG测试结果,三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸溶液自组装处理可以有效延缓薄竹试样的热解;试样的起始热解温度显著降低,最大失重峰值温度升高。锥形量热仪测试结果表明,处理后薄竹的热释放速率峰值(PHRR)、总热释放量(THR)和总烟释放速率(TSR)大幅度降低,残余质量分数显著增大。与对照组相比,当质量分数比增加到3.0∶2.0时,薄竹试样的PHRR、THR和TSR分别降低了25.84%,24.79%和38.47%,残余质量分数增加了5.82个百分点。通过三聚氰胺和三聚氰酸自组装处理可以显著提升薄竹的热稳定性、阻燃性能和抑烟性能。Bamboo material plays a critical role as a substitute for wood due to its similarity to wood in compositions and structures,excellent application prospects and economic value.It has been widely used in preparation of bamboo-based panel such as plywood,fiberboard,laminated bamboo board,particleboard,etc.However,its easy combustion has significantly limited various applications.Therefore,melamine(MEL)and cyanic acid(CA)were selected as flame retardants and applied to improve flame retardancy of thin bamboo specimens by the self-assembly method in view of the common fundamental issue of easy combustion of bamboo materials and technical problems existing in research of flame-retardant treatment for bamboo materials in this study.Examinations of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscope(SEM)and thermogravimetric analysis(TG-DTG)were conducted to investigate the chemical composition,morphology and flame-retardant mechanism of the flame-retardant layer formed on the surface of thin bamboo specimens.Effects of the mass fraction ratio of the flame-retardant solutions(i.e.,MEL and CA)on the property of flame-retardant layer formed on the surface of thin bamboo specimens were investigated by the Cone calorimeter analysis.The results revealed that the new absorption peaks appeared at 3469 and 1659 cm^(-1),confirming that the melamine-cyanic acid salt was formed by the self-assembly treatment on the surface of the specimen,in comparison with the control group.Furthermore,the newly generated melamine-cyanic acid salt was deposited on the surface of thin bamboo specimens to form a flame-retardant layer,which was beneficial to improve the flame-retardant performance of bamboo materials.The same conclusion was obtained from the analysis of XRD and SEM.According to the TG-DTG analysis results,the self-assembly of the MEL and CA solution on bamboo specimens can effectively delay the pyrolysis of thin bamboo specimens.The initial pyrolysis temperature of the specimen decreased

关 键 词：薄竹 自组装处理 三聚氰胺 三聚氰酸 阻燃性能 

分 类 号：S781.3[农业科学—木材科学与技术]