渠江流域基流变化及气象关联性分析  

Analysis of Baseflow Variation and Meteorological Correlation in Qujiang Basin

作　　者：赵宾华[1,2] 马方铭 李占斌 李鹏[1,2] 黄金华[1] 周梦涵 孟丽君 ZHAO Binhua;MA Fangming;LI Zhanbin;LI Peng;HUANG Jinhua;ZHOU Menghan;MENG Lijun(State Key Laboratory Base of Eco-hydraulic Engineering in Arid Area,Xi’an University of Technology,Xi’an 710048;State Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Ecological Hydrology and Disaster Prevention in Arid Regions,Xi’an 710048)

机构地区：[1]西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安710048 [2]旱区生态水文与灾害防治国家林业和草原局重点实验室,西安710048

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2023年第4期142-149,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(U2040208,42007070,42277359);陕西省教育厅重点实验室项目(20JS100)。

摘　　要：河川径流是水资源的重要存在形式,基流是径流的重要组成部分,研究基流变化及影响因素对于掌握流域水资源变化具有重要的意义。采用渠江流域2007—2018年日流量资料,对9种不同基流分割方法的适用性及基流变化特征进行分析。结果表明:(1)不同方法差异较大,时间步长法和滑动最小值法分割结果偏高,F4滤波法方差与变异系数分别为0.038和0.138,说明该方法分割更加稳定且离散程度较低,在渠江流域适用性最好;(2)流域多年平均基流指数31.5%,年内存在伏汛与秋汛双汛期,多年平均月降水、径流和基流变化趋势存在一致性,而且流域径流、基流峰现时间相对于降水存在滞后性;(3)采用小波相干分析,表明流域降水和基流序列均存在10~14个月的变化周期且同向变化,时频上基流滞后于降水序列,同时基流对气候变化的响应具有时滞性,当基流相对于同期气候指数滞后8~10个月时二者的相关程度显著提升。研究成果有助于提升对渠江流域基流变化的认识,为流域水资源管理与调控提供一定的科学依据。River runoff is an important form of water resources,and baseflow is a vital part of the runoff.It is of great significance to study the change of baseflow and its influencing factors to master the change of water resources in the basin.Based on the daily flow data of Qujiang Basin from 2007 to 2018,the applicability of nine different baseflow separation methods and the variation characteristics of baseflow were analyzed.The results showed that:(1)There were great differences among different methods,and the separation results of time step method and sliding minimum method were higher than others.The variance and coefficient of variation of F4 filtering method were 0.038 and 0.138,indicating that the separation of this method was more stable and less discrete,and had the best applicability in the Qujiang Basin.(2)The multi-year average baseflow index of the basin was 31.5%,and there were both summer and autumn flood seasons in the year,the multi-year average monthly precipitation,runoff and baseflow had the same variation trend,and the peak time of runoff and baseflow in the basin showed a lag compared with precipitation.(3)Wavelet coherence analysis showed that both precipitation and baseflow series in the basin had a 10~14 months variation cycle and changed in the same direction,the baseflow lagged behind the precipitation series in time and frequency,and the baseflow had a time delay in response to climate change.When the baseflow lagged 8~10 months behind the climatic index of the same period,the correlation between the two was significantly increased.The research results are helpful to improve the understanding of the change of baseflow in the Qujiang basin and provide a scientific basis for the management and regulation of water resources in the basin.

关 键 词：渠江流域 基流 变化特征 影响因子 小波相干分析 

分 类 号：P333.5[天文地球—水文科学]