抚养人对学龄前儿童体重认知的现状及影响喂养行为的分析  

Analysis of the status quo of caregivers’cognition of preschool children’s weight and its influence on feeding behavior

作　　者：樊晓莉 曹培 田欣逸 王洪青 张景 FAN Xiao-li;CAO Pei;TIAN Xin-yi;WANG Hong-qing;ZHANG Jing(Department of Clinical Nutrition,Xuzhou Children’s Hospital,Xuzhou,Jiangsu 221000,China)

机构地区：[1]徐州市儿童医院临床营养科,江苏徐州221000

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第13期2378-2382,共5页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：江苏省营养学会营养与健康资助项目(JYX202005)。

摘　　要：目的了解抚养人对儿童体重认知现状并分析其与喂养行为的关系。方法于2020年10月—2021年6月在徐州市城区方便整群抽取4所幼儿园的学龄前儿童,对其抚养人进行问卷调查,并测量儿童身高和体重。结果正确认知儿童体重的抚养人共507人(55.23%),低估学龄前儿童体重的抚养人共400人(43.57%),高估学龄前儿童体重的抚养人共11人(1.20%)。抚养人对儿童体重的认知与实际体重的一致性较差(Kappa=0.143)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,相较于正确认知儿童体重的抚养人,低估儿童体重的抚养人更可能存在不合理的喂养观念(OR=0.410,95%CI:0.262-0.642)和鼓励型喂养行为(OR=0.139,95%CI:0.084-0.230);女童的抚养人更可能存在鼓励型喂养行为(OR=0.699,95%CI:0.503-0.971);相对于体重正常儿童的抚养人,超重肥胖儿童的抚养人更容易存在合理的喂养观念(OR=3.212,95%CI:1.857-5.555)和非鼓励型喂养行为(OR=12.865,95%CI:7.868-21.036),消瘦儿童的抚养人可能存在鼓励型喂养行为(OR=0.296,95%CI:0.089-0.992)。结论抚养人对儿童体重认知,存在低估现象,且低估儿童体重的抚养人喂养观念和行为不合理。Objective To understand the current situation of caregivers’cognition of children’s weight and analyze its relationship with feeding behavior.Methods The preschool children from 4 kindergartens were selected by cluster sampling from October 2020 to June 2021 in Xuzhou city.Their caregivers were investigated by questionnaire,and children’s height and weight were measured.Results A total of 507 caregivers(55.23%)correctly recognized the weight of children,400(43.57%)underestimated the weight of preschool children,and 11(1.2%)overestimated the weight of preschool children.Caregivers’cognition of the child’s weight was not consistent with the actual weight(Kappa=0.143).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that caregivers who underestimated children’s weight were more likely to have unreasonable feeding concept(OR=0.410,95%CI:0.262-0.642)and encouraging feeding behavior(OR=0.139,95%CI:0.084-0.230)than caregivers who correctly recognized children’s weight,while caregivers of girls were more likely to have encouraging feeding behavior(OR=0.699,95%CI:0.503-0.971).Compared with the caregivers of normal weight children,the caregivers of overweight and obese children were more likely to have reasonable feeding concept(OR=3.212,95%CI:1.857-5.555)and non-encouraging feeding behavior(OR=12.865,95%CI:7.868-21.036),while the caregivers of thin children may have encouraging feeding behavior(OR=0.296,95%CI:0.089-0.992).Conclusion There is underestimation of children’s weight in caregivers,and the feeding concept and behavior of caregivers who underestimate children’s weight are unreasonable.

关 键 词：学龄前儿童 体重认知 喂养观念 喂养行为 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]