辽宁西部早白垩世朝阳翼龙科(Chaoyangopteridae)化石一新种  

A new species of chaoyangopterid pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous in western Liaoning,China

作　　者：姬书安[1] 张立军 路芳 JI Shuan;ZHANG Lijun;LU Fang(Key Laboratory of Stratigraphy and Palaeontology,Ministry of Natural Resources,Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;South China Sea Culture Museum,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya,Hainan 572022,China;Sanya Dinosaur Fossil Museum,Sanya,Hainan 572029,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院地质研究所,自然资源部地层与古生物重点实验室,北京100037 [2]海南热带海洋学院南海文化博物馆,海南三亚572022 [3]三亚飞天恐龙古生物化石博物馆,海南三亚572029

出　　处：《地质学报》2023年第6期1723-1740,共18页Acta Geologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(编号41872026);海南热带海洋学院引进人才科研启动基金项目(编号RHDRC202008)联合资助的成果。

摘　　要：中国辽宁西部早白垩世翼龙类化石非常丰富,其上部的九佛堂组翼龙类组合以含有丰富的无齿的古神翼龙科、朝阳翼龙科等进步类型而与下部的义县组翼龙类组合相区别。本文描述了辽宁西部建昌盆地九佛堂组一新的大型翼龙类化石,其以上下颌无齿、吻端指数为3.7、前颌骨背支细长且封闭鼻眶前孔背缘、很大的鼻眶前孔后端超过上下颌关节位置、轭骨的上颌骨突基部宽大而应被归入朝阳翼龙科(Chaoyangopteridae)神州翼龙属(Shenzhoupterus)。其以较大的体形(翼展2.05 m)、平直的上下颌咬合面、轭骨的眶后骨突较泪骨突长且基部略宽、第4~7颈椎长度依次减小等特征,区别于朝阳神州翼龙(Shenzhoupterus chaoyangensis),而被命名为三亚神州翼龙(新种)(Shenzhoupterus sanyainus sp.nov.)。这是辽宁西部早白垩世翼展最大且不具牙齿的翼龙类属种,它的发现丰富了九佛堂组翼龙类组合内容,对认识朝阳翼龙科的骨骼形态与生态习性亦具有积极意义。The Early Cretaceous pterosaurs are abundant in the western Liaoning Province,China with two pterosaur assemblages.The upper one,pterosaur assemblage of the Jiufotang Formation is featured by some advanced pterodactyloid clades including toothless Tapejaridae and Chaoyangopteridae,which show differences from the lower one,pterosaur assemblage of the Yixian Formation.A new large-sized pterosaur skeleton is described here,which was found in the Jiufotang Formation of the Jianchang basin,western Liaoning.This specimen can be assigned to the genus Shenzhoupterus within the family Chaoyangopteridae as it possesses the following features:toothless jaws,rostral index being 3.7,long and slender premaxillary bar dorsally bounding the nasoantorbital fenestra,caudal extremity of the very large nasoantorbital fenestra posterior to the jaw joint,and broader base of premaxillary process of jugal.It is also distinguished from Shenzhoupterus chaoyangensis in having the characters such as:large size with the wing-span about 2.05 meters,straight occlusal margin of upper and lower jaws,longer postorbital process with slightly wider base than lacrimal process of jugal,and sequentially decreased fourth to seventh cervical vertebrae.Thus a new species,Shenzhoupterus sanyainus sp.nov.,is established.This new taxon possesses the largest wing-span among the Early Cretaceous toothless pterosaurs from western Liaoning Province.The finding also enriches the elements of pterosaur assemblage of the Jiufotang Formation,and is of significance for understanding the anatomy and ecological habits of chaoyangopterids.

关 键 词：翼手龙亚目 朝阳翼龙科 三亚神州翼龙(新种) 早白垩世 九佛堂组 辽宁西部 

分 类 号：P534.53[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] Q915[天文地球—地质学]