西北干旱荒漠区东部人工绿地层状土壤盐渍化特征及其影响因子分析  

Analysis of Salinization Characteristics of Artificial Greenland Stratified Soils and Their Influencing Factors in the Eastern Part of the Arid Desert Region of Northwest China

作　　者：范施琦 张盼月[2] 杨建英[1] 白玮杰 麻文章 张犇 李佳静 FAN Shiqi;ZHANG Panyue;YANG Jianying;BAI Weijie;MA Wenzhang;ZHANG Ben;LI Jiajing(School of Soil and Water Conservation,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;School of Environmental Science and Engineering,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083,China;Haibowan Branch,Forestry and Grassland Bureau,Wuhai,Inner Mongolia 016000,China)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京100083 [2]北京林业大学环境科学与工程学院,北京100083 [3]乌海市林业和草原局海勃湾分局,内蒙古乌海016000

出　　处：《Journal of Resources and Ecology》2023年第4期856-867,共12页资源与生态学报（英文版）

基　　金：The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFC0504405);The Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Science and Technology Major Project(2020ZD0021-03);The Key Research and Development Program of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region(2018BFG02002)。

摘　　要：本本研究以西北干旱荒漠区东部的内蒙古乌海市和宁夏灵武市为研究区,在人工绿地上选取6类土壤剖面以研究其盐渍化特征,即均质砂土(A)、均质壤土(B)、上砂下壤(C)、上壤下砂(D)、夹层型(E)(壤-砂-壤(E1)、壤-粉-壤(E2)、砂-壤-砂-壤(E3))和上壤下石(石块)(F)。此外,采用冗余分析(RDA)的方法分析灌溉因子、土壤物理因子和土层深度对土壤盐渍化的影响。结果表明:(1)各层土壤的全盐量(TS)介于115.5-4945.5mgkg^(-1),A、B、C、D、E和F类剖面分别有6.7%、26.7%、6.7%、20.0%、33.3%和40.0%的土层达到轻度盐化,D、E和F类剖面分别有13.3%、20.0%和20.0%的土层达到中度盐化,F类剖面有40.0%土层达到重度盐化。A、B、D和F类剖面以表聚型为主,C类剖面为底聚型,E类剖面中的剖面E1和E2为底聚型,E3为表聚型;(2)土壤pH介于7.49-9.31,钠吸附比(SAR)介于0.67-15.28;(3)RDA分析结果显示,前两个排序轴反映了74.0%以上的土壤盐渍化特征,能清楚地表明土壤盐渍化指标与影响因子之间的关系。粉粒含量、灌溉频率、黏粒含量、灌溉定额、灌溉频率和土层深度分别是剖面A、B、C、D、E和F土壤盐渍化的最大影响因子,土壤含水率与土壤盐分具有极显著的共空间特性(P<0.01)。In this study,Wuhai in Inner Mongolia and Lingwu in Ningxia in the eastern part of the northwest arid desert region were used as the study area,and six types of soil profiles were selected on artificial green areas to study their salinization characteristics,namely,homogeneous sandy soil(A),homogeneous loamy soil(B),upper sand lower loam(C),upper loam lower sand(D),sandwich type(E)(loam-sand-loam(E1),loam-powder-loam(E2),sand-loam-sand-loam(E3)),and upper loam lower stone(F).In addition,the effects of irrigation,soil physical,and soil depth factors on soil salinization were investigated using redundancy analysis(RDA).The results showed that:(1)the total salt(TS)of soil profiles ranged from 115.5 to 4945.5 mg kg^(-1).Moreover,6.7%,26.7%,6.7%,20.0%,33.3%,and 40.0%of the soils in profile types A,B,C,D,E,and F,respectively,reached light salinization;13.3%,20.0%,and 20.0%of the soils in profile types D,E,and F,respectively,reached moderate salinization;in addition,only profile type F showed heavy salinization with a high percentage of 40.0%.On the other hand,soil profile types A,B,D,and F were predominantly surface accumulation type,while soil profile type C was bottom accumulation type.In addition,profiles E1 and E2 in the E-type soil profile were bottom accumulation type,while profile E3 was surface accumulation type;(2)Soil pH and soil SAR ranged from 7.49 to 9.31 and 0.67 to 15.28,respectively;(3)The results of the RDA analysis showed that the first two axes explained more than 74.0%of the soil salinity vari-ance,indicating the obvious relationship between soil salinity and the influencing factors.Silt content,irrigation frequency,clay content,annual irrigation volume,irrigation frequency,and soil depth were the major factors influ-encing soil salinity in soil profile types A,B,C,D,E,and F,respectively,while soil water content and soil salinity had highly significant co-spatial characteristics(P<0.01).

关 键 词：西北干旱荒漠区 土壤盐渍化 人工绿地 层状土壤 冗余分析 

分 类 号：TU448[建筑科学—岩土工程]