基于SWAT模型对非点源污染分布特征的研究——以汾河上游为例  

Study on Distribution Characteristics of Non-point Source Pollution based on SWAT Mode——Taking the Upper Reaches of the Fenhe River from 2009 to 2019 as an Example

作　　者：王锦志 赵喜萍 刘林 李泽利[3] Wang Jinzhi;Zhao Xiping;Liu LIN;Li Zeli(Institute of soil and water conservation,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030013,China;School of Hydro Science and Engineering,Taiyuan University ofTechnology,Taiyuan,Shanxi 030024,China;Environment Monitoring Center,Tianjin 300191,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学水土保持科学研究所,山西太原030045 [2]太原理工大学水利科学与工程学院,山西太原030024 [3]天津市环境监测中心,天津300191

出　　处：《山西水土保持科技》2023年第2期45-49,共5页Soil and Water Conservation Science and Technology in Shanxi

摘　　要：为了加快汾河流域水污染源治理,本文基于数字高程模型(DEM)、土壤类型、土地利用、气象、水文、农作物管理数据,构建了汾河上游SWAT模型,并对该地区非点源污染分布特征进行研究。研究结果显示:(1)汾河上游流域泥沙及总氮输出系数较大的区域集中于海拔较高、坡度较陡、耕地较多的中部、东部及东南部;总磷输出系数较大的区域集中于中部及中东部城镇、村庄等人类聚集地集中的地区;(2)汾河源头区,虽然海拔较高、坡度陡,但泥沙、总氮、总磷输出系数均较小,没有明显的非点源污染;(3)草地为泥沙和总磷的主要贡献来源,耕地输出系数对总氮的贡献比很大,林地对总氮和总磷的贡献较低,城镇的总氮和总磷输出系数较大,但是由于面积占比小,整体贡献较低。In order to accelerate the comprehensive treatment of water pollution in the Fenhe River Basin,this paper constructs a SWAT model in the upper reaches of the Fenhe River based on digital elevation model(DEM),soil type,land use,meteorology,hydrology and crop management data,and studies the distribution characteristics of non-point source pollution in the area.The results showed that:(1)the areas with large sediment and total nitrogen output coefficients in the upper reaches of the Fenhe River were concentrated in the central,eastern and southeastern parts with higher altitude,steeper slope and more arable land;The areas with large total phosphorus output coefficients were concentrated in areas with concentrated human settlements such as towns and villages in the central and eastern central and eastern regions.(2)In the source area of the Fenhe River,although the altitude is high and the slope is steep,the output coefficients of sediment,total nitrogen and total phosphorus are small,and there is no obvious non-point source pollution.(3)grassland is the main contributor to sediment and total phosphorus;The contribution coefficient of cultivated land to total nitrogen is very large.The contribution of forest land to total nitrogen and total phosphorus is low;The total nitrogen and total phosphorus output coefficients of towns are large,but the overall contribution is low due to the small proportion of area.

关 键 词：汾河上游 SWAT模型 非点源污染 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]