黄河流域国家生态文明建设示范区发展水平测度及其时空差异  

Measurement of the development level and spatial-temporal differences of the National Ecological Civilization Construction Demonstration Areas in the Yellow River basin

作　　者：熊向艳 韩永伟[1] 孟晓杰[1] 刘丽香 王德旺[1] XIONG Xiangyan;HAN Yongwei;MENG Xiaojie;LIU Lixiang;WANG Dewang(State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment,Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences)

机构地区：[1]国家环境保护区域生态过程与功能评估重点实验室,中国环境科学研究院

出　　处：《环境工程技术学报》2023年第4期1304-1314,共11页Journal of Environmental Engineering Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC050350402)。

摘　　要：以黄河流域36个国家生态文明建设示范区为对象,从生态本底、绿色经济、人居环境和制度文化4个维度筛选出21项关键指标,构建黄河流域生态文明建设发展水平测度指标体系,全面探析生态文明发展水平及其时空差异。结果表明:所有指标体系中,水质达到或优于GB 3838—2002《地表水环境质量标准》Ⅲ类比例、单位地区生产总值用水量、城镇污水处理率这3个与水资源相关的指标权重较高,分别为0.0953、0.0699和0.0606,水资源利用和管理是影响黄河流域生态文明建设的关键因素;2016—2019年,36个示范区生态文明建设取得了一定进展,生态文明指数由0.6453增长到0.7354,人居环境、制度文化、生态本底和绿色经济指数增幅分别为31.22%、14.08%、12.68%和6.69%。流域内示范区生态文明建设水平呈上游和中游较高且相近、下游相对较低的特征,不同地区生态文明建设的侧重点应有所不同,上游应注重生态保护和系统治理,中游在污染治理和人居环境建设方面有待加强,下游需进一步推进经济绿色化发展水平。Exploring the level,development trends and spatial differences of ecological civilization construction in the Yellow River basin has important guidance and reference significance for further advancing the construction of ecological civilization in the Yellow River basin.21 indicators were selected from ecological background,green economy,living environment and institutional culture to construct the eco-civilization construction indices system for measuring the development level in the Yellow River basin,and the development level and spatial-temporal differences of the 36 National Ecological Civilization Construction Demonstration Areas(NECCDAs)in the Yellow River basin were comprehensively analyzed.The results showed that three indicators related to water resources had high weights,including the proportion of water quality reaching or better than ClassⅢof Environmental Quality Standards for Surface Water(GB 3838-2002),water consumption per unit of GDP,urban sewage treatment rate,which weights were 0.0953,0.0699 and 0.0606,respectively.Water resource utilization and management was the key factor affecting the construction of ecological civilization construction in the Yellow River basin.From 2016 to 2019,the ecological civilization construction of the 36 NECCDAs in the Yellow River basin made some progress.The ecological civilization index increased from 0.6453 to 0.7354,while the growth rate of living environment,institutional culture,ecological background and green economy indicators were 31.22%,14.08%,12.68%and 6.69%,respectively.The ecological civilization construction level of the upstream and middle reaches was similar and higher than the downstream in the basin.The ecological civilization construction emphasis of different areas should be different.The ecological protection and systematic treatment of the upstream should be paid more attention to,the pollution control and living environment of the midstream need to be strengthened,and the degree of economic greening in the downstream should be further adv

关 键 词：生态文明 黄河流域 时空差异 组合赋权法 聚类分析 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]