绝缘特性对正极性脉冲下表面静电放电的影响  

Effect of the Properties of Insulating Materials on the Surface Electrostatic Discharge Under Positive Pulse Volage

作　　者：雷志鹏[1] 石志杰 杜宇鹏 宋建成[1] 刘洋[1] 李杰[1] LEI Zhipeng;SHI Zhijie;DU Yupeng;SONG Jiancheng;LIU Yang;LI Jie(College of Electrical and Power Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,China;Suqian Power Supply Company,State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co.,Ltd.,Suqian 223800,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学电气与动力工程学院,太原030024 [2]国网江苏省电力有限公司宿迁供电公司,宿迁223800

出　　处：《高电压技术》2023年第6期2662-2670,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51977137);山西省重点研发计划(202003D111008,202102040201001)。

摘　　要：绝缘材料表面的静电放电现象会对电力设备以及通讯系统运行造成严重的影响,研究介质表面的静电放电特性及其影响因素有助于理解绝缘材料与表面静电放电的关系,对于绝缘材料的优化设计也具有重要的参考价值。为此使用静电放电枪在绝缘材料表面触发静电放电,利用粉尘图法复现了绝缘材料表面的电荷分布,通过二值化处理方法定量表征流注的发展程度,研究了绝缘材料的相对介电常数、表面电阻率和厚度等因素对表面静电放电的影响。结果表明:正极性静电放电下,绝缘材料表面的放电斑图形貌呈现梅花状;材料类型会对流注的发展产生不同的影响;绝缘材料表面电阻率减小会加快表面电荷的消散;绝缘材料越厚,沿面流注通道越长。因此,绝缘材料性能的变化导致介电常数、电荷注入方式、电荷附着效应等的变化,从而影响表面电荷的积聚形式和放电方式,最终使绝缘材料表面静电放电过程发生变化。The electrostatic discharge(ESD)on the surface of insulating materials seriously impairs the operation of power equipment and communication systems.The research on the properties of surface electrostatic discharge and its influencing factors is helpful to understand the relationship between insulating materials and surface discharge,which can also provide an important reference for the optimal design of insulation system.In this paper,an ESD gun was used to trigger the ESD on the insulating surface.The dust figure method was introduced to show the charge distribution on the insulating surface.The development of streamers was quantitatively characterized by the binarization method.Moreover,the influences of insulating properties,such as relative permittivity,surface resistivity and thickness,on the surface electrostatic discharge were studied.Experimental results indicate that,under the positive ESD,the dust figure on the surface of the insulating material is the plum blossom-like pattern.The type of material affects the development of the streamer.The decrease of the surface resistivity accelerates the dissipation of the surface charge.The length of the surficial streamer increases with the sample’thickness increasing.Therefore,different properties of the insulating material,such as the relative permittivity,charge injection methods,charge adhesion effects,etc.,will affect the accumulating form of the surface charge as well as the manner of surface discharge.Finally,the ESD process of the insulating surface is further changed by these properties.

关 键 词：静电放电 粉尘图法 表面电荷 流注 表面放电 

分 类 号：TM21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]