原料配方对微孔陶瓷渗灌管道性能的影响  

Effect of Raw Material Formula on the Properties of Microporous Ceramic Infiltration Irrigation Pipe

作　　者：张春华 张林[2] 刘旭飞 周伟[1] ZHANG Chun-hua;ZHANG Lin;LIU Xu-fei;ZHOU Wei(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering of China,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,Shaanxi Province,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2023年第7期76-83,89,共9页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079131)。

摘　　要：为解决现有多孔陶瓷渗灌管道制备工艺不规范、产品性能低下的问题,采用注浆成型法,以黏土为骨架材料,炉渣为造孔剂,硅酸钠为解凝剂,制备一种低成本、性能优良的微孔陶瓷渗灌管道。分析了黏土颗粒粒径和炉渣掺量2个因素对微孔陶瓷渗灌管道孔隙率、线收缩率、弯曲度、抗弯强度、渗透系数和流量的影响规律,以较大的抗弯强度、较小的线收缩率和弯曲度、合适的孔隙率为优选标准,得到微孔陶瓷渗灌管道的最优原料配方。结果表明:随着黏土颗粒粒径增大,微孔陶瓷渗灌管道的线收缩率、弯曲度、抗弯强度降低,孔隙率和渗透系数增大,进而使流量增大;随着炉渣含量的增加,微孔陶瓷渗灌管道的抗弯强度降低,孔隙率、线收缩率、弯曲度、渗透系数增加,流量增大。微孔陶瓷渗灌管道渗透系数与孔隙率成幂函数关系。综合比较,黏土颗粒粒径0.180~0.355 mm、炉渣掺量15%为最优原料配方,微孔陶瓷渗灌管道的孔隙率为33.9%、线收缩率为3.98%、弯曲度为0.95°、抗弯强度为8.6 MPa、渗透系数为0.36 cm/h,在10 kPa工作压力下的流量为6.12 L/(h·m),兼具良好的材料性能和水力性能,能较好满足田间使用要求。In order to solve the problems of non-standard preparation process and low product performance of porous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe,a kind of low-cost and excellent microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe was prepared by slip casting method,with clay as skeleton material,slag as pore-making agent and sodium silicate as deflocculant.The effects of clay particle size and slag content on porosity,linear shrinkage,curvature,flexural strength,permeability coefficient and flow rate of microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe were analyzed.By taking large flexural strength,small linear shrinkage and curvature and appropriate porosity as the optimization criteria,the optimal raw material formula of microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipes was selected.The results show that with the increase of clay particle size,the linear shrinkage,curvature and flexural strength of the microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe will decrease,the porosity and permeability coefficient will increase,and the flow rate will increase.With the increase of slag content,the flexural strength of microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe will decrease,the porosity,linear shrinkage,curvature and permeability coefficient will increase,and the flow rate will increase.There is a power function relationship between the permeability coefficient and the porosity of microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe.By comprehensive comparison,when the clay particle size is 0.18~0.355 mm and slag content is 15%,the microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe has the best performance.In such conditions,the microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe has the porosity of 33.9%,the linear shrinkage of 3.98%,the curvature of 0.95°,the flexural strength of 8.6 MPa,the permeability coefficient of 0.36 cm/h,and the flow rate of 6.12 L/(h·m)under 10 kPa working pressure.This kind of microporous ceramic infiltration irrigation pipe has both excellent material properties and hydraulic performance,which can

关 键 词：渗灌 渗灌管道 微孔陶瓷 原料配方 制备工艺 性能改良 注浆成型 

分 类 号：S275.4[农业科学—农业水土工程]