马尾松、红锥纯林及其混交林凋落物与土壤的水源涵养能力  

Water conservation capacity of litter and soil of pure and mixed-forest of Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis hystrix

作　　者：陆卫勇 叶家义 李学团 付军 郭飞 何斌[2] LU Weiyong;YE Jiayi;LI Xuetuan;FU Jun;GUO Fei;HE Bin(Guangxi State-owned Paiyangshan Forest Farm,Ningming,Guangxi 532500,China;College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西国有派阳山林场,广西宁明532500 [2]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《亚热带农业研究》2023年第2期83-90,共8页Subtropical Agriculture Research

基　　金：广西林业科技项目“派阳山林场土壤数据库建设及人工林精准施肥技术集成与示范”(桂林科字[2022ZC]第82号);广西林业科技项目“广西南亚热带高质量森林经营技术集成与示范”(桂林科字[2022ZC]第81号);广西大学与广西国有派阳山林场科技合作项目“高密植桉树工业原料林栽培技术研究与示范”(2013-03-08)。

摘　　要：[目的]探讨马尾松、红锥纯林及其混交林凋落物和土壤的水源涵养能力,为针阔混交林的营造提供依据。[方法]选择广西宁明县邻近分布、母岩一致和立地条件相似的10年生马尾松、红锥纯林及其混交林林地,测定林下凋落物和土壤的持水性能特征,比较3种林分类型凋落物和土壤的水源涵养能力差异。[结果](1)3种林分类型凋落物蓄积量为4.52~6.70 t·hm^(-2),表现为:马尾松红锥混交林>红锥纯林>马尾松纯林。(2)凋落物最大持水量为11.41~20.80 t·hm^(-2),有效持水量为8.68~15.60 t·hm^(-2),均表现为:马尾松红锥混交林>红锥纯林>马尾松纯林。(3)3种林分土壤容重为1.178~1.524 g·cm^(-3),其中马尾松纯林最大,马尾松红锥混交林最小;土壤非毛管孔隙度为3.32%~7.34%,其中马尾松红锥混交林最大,马尾松纯林最小;土壤总孔隙度为42.08%~53.82%,其中马尾松红锥混交林最大,马尾松纯林最小。(4)3种林分类型土壤最大持水量和有效持水量分别为3570.27~3730.94和340.61~395.83 t·hm^(-2),土壤层持水能力表现为:马尾松红锥混交林>红锥纯林>马尾松纯林。[结论]综合凋落物和土壤持水能力,马尾松红锥混交林的水源涵养能力最强,其次是红锥纯林,马尾松纯林最弱。[Purpose]To provide a scientific basis for the construction of coniferous and broad-leaved mixed forests,the water conservation capacities of litter and soil in pure and mixed forests of Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis hystrix were studied.[Method]The water-holding properties of litter and soil were compared in 10-year-old pure stands of P.massoniana,C.hystrix and their mixed stand,which were adjacent to each other,cultivated in soils developed from the same parent rock and under similar environment conditions at Ningming County of Guangxi.[Result](1)Litter accumulations in the 3 types of stands ranged from 4.52 to 6.70 t·hm^(-2),following the order of mixed forest>C.hystrix forest>P.massoniana forest.(2)The maximum and effective water-holding capacity of litter were 11.41-20.80 t·hm^(-2) and 8.68-15.60 t·hm^(-2),respectively,and both of them followed the order of mixed forest>C.hystrix forest>P.massoniana forest.(3)Soil bulk density varied between 1.178 and 1.524 g·cm^(-3),with the maximum value coming from pure P.massoniana forest and the minimum from the mixed forest.Soil non-capillary porosity and total porosity arrived at 3.32%-7.34%and 42.08%-53.82%,respectively,both of which were maximized in the mixed forest and minimized in pure P.massoniana forest.(4)The maximum and effective water-holding capacity of the soils reached 3570.27-3730.94 t·hm^(-2) and 340.61-395.83 t·hm^(-2),respectively,and both of them followed the order of mixed forest>C.hystrix forest>P.massoniana forest.[Conclusion]P.massoniana and C.hystrix mixed forest had the greatest water conservation capacity followed by pure C.hystrix forest,and pure P.massoniana forest was at the bottom by the overall water conservation capacities of litter and soil.

关 键 词：马尾松 红锥 混交林 凋落物 土壤 水源涵养 

分 类 号：S715.7[农业科学—林学]