基于固体工质的空间微推进技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Space Micro-Propulsion Technology Based on Solid-Propellant

作　　者：吴建军[1] 胡泽君 张宇[1] 何志成 欧阳 郑鹏 赵元政 李宇奇 WU Jian-jun;HU Ze-jun;ZHANG Yu;HE Zhi-cheng;OU Yang;ZHENG Peng;ZHAO Yuan-zheng;LI Yu-qi(College of Aerospace Science,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学空天科学学院,湖南长沙410073

出　　处：《推进技术》2023年第7期11-29,共19页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(T2221002,22205258)。

摘　　要：采用固体工质的微推力器具备结构简单、可靠性高、成本低的优点,是最适合微纳卫星的动力装置之一。固体微推进技术可分为微电推进和微化学推进两大类。本文介绍了五种典型固体微推力器的工作原理,包括微脉冲等离子体推力器、真空弧推力器、电控固体微推力器、激光微推力器、固体阵列微推力器,系统梳理了它们的发展历程,总结了其最新的研究进展和应用现状。在此基础上,对固体微推进技术的发展方向进行了展望,以期为微纳卫星动力系统的研发与优选提供参考。Micro-thruster with solid propellant has the advantages of simple structure,high reliability and low cost,so it is one of the most suitable power devices for micro-nano satellite.Solid micro-propulsion technolo⁃gy can be divided into two categories:micro-electric propulsion and micro-chemical propulsion.This paper intro⁃duces the working principles of five typical solid micro-thrusters,including micro-pulse plasma thruster,vacu⁃um arc thruster,electronically controlled solid micro-thruster,laser micro-thruster and solid array micro-thrust⁃er,systematically combs their development history,and summarizes their latest research progress and applica⁃tion status.On this basis,the development direction of solid micro-propulsion technology is prospected,in order to provide reference for the research and development and optimization of micro-nano satellite power system.

关 键 词：微纳卫星 微推进 固体工质 电推进 化学推进 综述 

分 类 号：V439[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]