共同富裕视域下中国公共服务均等化发展水平、时空特征及区域差异研究  

Research on the Development Level,Spatial and Temporal Characteristics and Regional Differences of Equalization of Public Services in China from the Perspective of Common Prosperity

作　　者：贾玮 刘磊 Jia Wei;Liu Lei(School of Politics and Public Administration,Qingdao University)

机构地区：[1]青岛大学政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《调研世界》2023年第7期3-15,共13页The World of Survey and Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“全面小康后农村相对贫困测度及减贫政策研究”(20CTJ010)的资助。

摘　　要：本文从医疗、社保、基建、环境、教育、文体六个维度构建了公共服务综合评价体系,基于省级面板数据,分别采用熵权法、莫兰指数、核密度估计和Dagum基尼系数等方法对我国2007—2019年公共服务发展水平、空间关联性、时空特征和区域差异进行研究。研究发现:这一时期整体公共服务水平有所提升,主要驱动力来源于基础设施建设;区域间公共服务发展不均衡,整体表现出东西部地区高、中部地区低的格局;中部地区公共服务水平呈现明显“中部塌陷”;空间自相关结果表明公共服务发展具有空间维度的自相关性,主要表现出“高—高、低—低”型的空间集聚状态,但聚集态势有所减弱;中部地区和东北地区内部的绝对差异逐渐减弱,东部地区和西部地区的内部差异较为明显;区域间公共服务发展的相对差异较区域内更大,是我国公共服务水平差异的主要来源。基于此,应坚持分类发展、因地制宜及协同发展的理念,在促进公共服务总体水平提升的同时,协调各地区公共服务均衡化发展。Equalizing the public services is an important way to address the current imbalance in social development and a key aspect of promoting steady progress towards common prosperity.This article constructs a comprehensive evaluation system for public services from six dimensions:medical care,social security,infrastructure,environment,education,and culture and sports.Based on provincial panel data,various methods such as entropy weight method,Moran’s I,kernel density estimation,and Dagum’s Gini coefficient are used to study the development level,spatial correlation,spatial-temporal characteristics,and regional differences of public services in China from 2007 to 2019.The study finds that during this period,the overall level of public services has improved,mainly driven by infrastructure construction.However,there is significant unevenness in the development of public services between regions,with an overall pattern of high in the east and west and low in the central region.The central region of China exhibits a significant“central collapse”in public service levels.Spatial autocorrelation results show that the development of public services has spatial dimensionality,mainly manifested as a“high-high,low-low”spatial clustering state,but the clustering trend has weakened.The absolute differences within the central and northeastern regions have gradually decreased,while the internal differences in the eastern and western regions remain significant.The relative differences in the development of public services between regions are larger than those within regions and are the main source of the gap in public service levels in China.Based on these findings,it is necessary to adhere to the concept of classified development,targeted measures,and coordinated development,in order to promote the overall level of public services while also coordinating the balanced development of public services in different regions.

关 键 词：公共服务水平 空间集聚 地区差异 动态演进 共同富裕 

分 类 号：F061.5[经济管理—政治经济学]