中古语音开合口在现代赣语中的演变研究  

The Research on Conversion of Middle Ancient Phonetic Opened-mouth and Closed-mouth Characters in Modern Gan Dialect

作　　者：张平忠[1] 顾旖琳 ZHANG Pingzhong;GU Yilin(Office of Academic Research,Fujian Institute of Education,Fuzhou 350001,China;Institute of Ancient Books Arrangement,Fudan University,Shanghai 200082,China)

机构地区：[1]福建教育学院科研处,福建福州350001 [2]复旦大学古籍整理研究所,上海200082

出　　处：《三明学院学报》2023年第2期83-92,共10页Journal of Sanming University

基　　金：福建省社会科学规划项目(FJ2020B127)。

摘　　要：赣语中的合口化演变是零散的、鲜见的,多表现为历史层次的残留,而开口化演变则是系统的、显著的,并体现出与普通话迥异的特征。根据合口韵内部洪细的不同,开口化的规律也有所不同。中古合口一、二等韵[u]介音消失的声母次序为唇音—舌齿音—牙音,喉音在赣语中由于普遍唇化而大量变为开口;韵母次序为山摄—蟹摄—臻摄,主要受主元音[o]是否为圆唇的影响。中古合口三、四等韵[iu]介音在精组、见系字中大量演变为[i],在知系字中普遍随合口一等端系字失落。The closing-mouth's conversion in Gan dialect is scattered and rare,mostly manifested as a remnant of the historical phonetics,while the opening-mouth's conversion is systematic and significant,and reflects characteristics that are very different from Mandarin.According to the differences in the internal Hong and Xi of the Hekou rhyme,the rules of opening-mouth's conversion are vary.In the first and second order of the Hekou rhyme,the medial sound[u]disappeared in the order of labial sound>linguo-dental>dental sound,and the throat sound became a large number of openings due to the widespread lipping in the Gan dialect;The order of initials which the first and second degree rhyme's medial sound[u]disappear is labial>tongue-toothed>tooth,and guttural sound become opening-mouth mostly in Gan dialect due to universal labialization;The order of vowel is Shan>Xie>Zhen,which is mainly influenced by whether the main vowel is rounded or not.In the third and fourth order of Hekou rhyme,the medial sound[iu]evolved into a large number of[i]in the Jing group and the Jian series,and in the Zhi series,it was generally lost along with the Duan series of the first order of the Hekou rhyme.

关 键 词：赣语 开合口 语音演变 开口化 合口化 

分 类 号：H175[语言文字—汉语]