山苍子优良雌株选择及综合评价  

Selection and comprehensive evaluation of excellent female plants of Litsea cubeba

作　　者：高恩婷 曾庆扬 谷战英[1,2,3] 磨春丽 张春来 李扬 冯楠可 熊荟璇 GAO Enting;ZENG Qingyang;GU Zhanying;MO Chunli;ZHANG Chunlai;LI Yang;FENG Nanke;XIONG Huixuan(College of Forestry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;The Key Laboratory of Cultivation and Protection for Non-wood Forest Trees of Education Ministry,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;The Key Laboratory of Non-wood Forest Products of State Forestry Administration,Central South University of Forestry&Technology,Changsha 410004,Hunan,China;Lutou Forest Farm,Yueyang 410400,Hunan,China)

机构地区：[1]中南林业科技大学林学院,湖南长沙410004 [2]中南林业科技大学经济林培育与保护教育部重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [3]中南林业科技大学经济林育种与栽培国家林业局重点实验室,湖南长沙410004 [4]芦头实验林场,湖南岳阳410400

出　　处：《中南林业科技大学学报》2023年第6期23-33,共11页Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目“特色经济林重要性状形成与调控”(2018YFD1000605);湖南省研究生教育创新工程和专业能力提升工程项目([2020]41号)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究9株山苍子候选雌株生长性状、经济性状以及两者之间的相关性,分析探讨9株山苍子候选雌株的相关性状和遗传变异情况,为后期筛选出山苍子优良雌株提供理论基础。【方法】以初步选取的山苍子候选雌株为试验材料,测定雌株树体和果实的生长指标、果实精油产量及精油成分等指标,并对其生长性状和经济性状等进行相关性分析和差异显著性比较。通过主成分分析和综合评价来选择优良雌株。【结果】在9株山苍子候选雌株中,59和163号山苍子雌株的树体整体生长情况表现较好;64号山苍子雌株果实最大,产量最多;163号雌株果实含油率最高,为2.80%,且果实精油中总柠檬醛含量最多,为85.67%;果实精油中总柠檬醛含量的平均值为68.89%;其中,47、59、107和128号雌株果实精油中含有特有成分。9株山苍子雌株的生长和经济性状之间的相关性分析的结果为:产量与精油中α-柠檬醛含量和结果枝长度呈极显著正相关;果实含油率与精油中β-柠檬醛的含量呈极显著正相关;α-柠檬醛含量与β-柠檬醛含量呈极显著正相关。主成分分析提取出4个主成分,累计贡献率达到85.571%,能够反映出9个山苍子雌株的15个性状指标的大部分信息。【结论】47、59、107和128号山苍子候选雌株的果实精油含有特有成分,可以根据需要做定向选育;64号山苍子雌株果实最大,产量最多,可以作为产量需求方面的定向选育;163号山苍子雌株果实含油率及总柠檬醛含量最多,可作为含油率与总柠檬醛方面的定向选育。9株山苍子候选雌株的生长及经济性状之间大多数呈显著性差异,且均具有较大的遗传潜力。通过主成分分析和综合评价,本试验筛选出的优良雌株为163、47和107号雌株。【Objective】By studying the growth traits and economic traits of nine Litsea cubeba female candidates and their correlations,the related traits and genetic variation of these candidates were analyzed and discussed,so as to provide a theoretical basis for screening superior L.cubeba female candidates in the later stage.【Method】In this article,the preliminarily selected female L.cubeba plants were used as the experimental materials,and the growth indexes of the female plants and their fruits,the yield and components of essential oil in the fruits were measured,and the correlation analysis and difference significance comparison analysis were conducted for their growth traits and economic traits.The excellent female plants were selected by principal component analysis and comprehensive evaluation.【Result】Among the nine female L.cubeba candidates,No.59 and No.163 female L.cubeba showed better overall growth.No.64 had the largest fruit and the highest yield.No.63 had the highest oil content(2.80%)and the highest total citral content(85.67%)of fruit essential oil.Through GC-MS analysis,the average content of total citral of fruit essential oil was 68.89%.Among them,the essential oil of No.47,No.59,No.107 and No.128 contained unique components.The results of correlation analysis between the growth and economic traits of the nine L.cubeba female plants showed that yield was positively correlated with the content ofα-citral in essential oil and the length of fruiting branches.The oil content of fruit was positively correlated with the content ofβ-citral in essential oil.The contents ofα-citral andβ-citral were positively correlated.The results of the principal component analysis were as follows:four principal components were extracted,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 85.571%,which could reflect most information of the 15 traits of the nine female plants of L.cubeba.【Conclusion】The fruit essential oil of No.47,No.59,No.107 and No.128 contains unique components,which can be selected for directi

关 键 词：山苍子 候选雌株 生长性状 经济性状 主成分分析 综合评价 

分 类 号：S722.33[农业科学—林木遗传育种]