电化学固氮合成氨催化剂的研究进展  

Research Progress of Electrochemical Nitrogen Fixing Catalysts for Ammonia Synthesis

作　　者：王家祥 刘锦阳 徐立龙 WANG Jia-xiang;LIU Jin-yang;XU Li-long(Tianhua Institute of Chemical Machinery&Automation Co.,Ltd.,Lanzhou 730060,China;Xi’an Shiyou University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xi’an 710065,China)

机构地区：[1]天华化工机械及自动化研究设计院有限公司,甘肃兰州730060 [2]西安石油大学化学化工学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《化工管理》2023年第20期149-152,共4页Chemical Engineering Management

摘　　要：氨是一种重要的化工原料及高含氢量的清洁能源,传统的Haber-Bosch合成氨工艺能耗高、排放大量CO_(2),亟需开发清洁、可持续的合成氨技术。鉴于操作条件温和、无二次污染、经济等优势,电化学固氮合成氨工艺应用前景广阔,开发更高效的催化剂是该技术的关键。文章总结了电催化氮还原过程的热力学特性和反应机理,通过不同金属复合、掺杂特定元素、非金属材料负载金属等方式可以提高电催化活性,综述了近几年金属基催化剂和负载型催化剂的设计合成策略及其应用效果。Ammonia was an important chemical raw material and clean energy with high hydrogen content,and the traditional Haber-Bosch ammonia synthesis process with high temperature and high pressure consumed a lot of energy and emitted a large amount of CO_(2).It was urgent to develop a clean and sustainable ammonia synthesis technology.Due to the advantages of mild operating conditions,no secondary pollution,and economy,the electrochemical nitrogen fixation and ammonia synthesis process had broad application prospects,and the development of more efficient catalysts was the key to this technology.The thermodynamic characteristics and reaction mechanism of electrocatalytic nitrogen reduction process were summarized,and the electrocatalytic activity could be improved by difFerent metal compounding,doping of specific elements,and non-metallic materials load metals.The design and synthesis strategies and application efFects of metal-based catalysts and supported catalysts in recent years were reviewed.

关 键 词：合成氨 电化学 催化剂 N_(2)吸附 析氢反应 

分 类 号：TQ032.4[化学工程]