基于非靶向代谢组学的槟榔花香关键代谢物的筛选  

Screening of Key Metabolites of Areca Flower Fragrance Based on Non-targeted Metabonomics

作　　者：辛晓栋 温欣宇 降佳君 王玲[1] 杨国斌 杨福孙[1] XIN Xiaodong;WEN Xinyu;JIANG Jiajun;WANG Ling;YANG Guobin;YANG Fusun(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第7期1328-1336,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省槟榔现代农业产业技术体系项目(No.HNARS2022-1-G3);海南省教育厅高等学校科学研究项目(No.Hnky2019 ZD-7)。

摘　　要：为了筛选出控制槟榔花香的关键代谢物,提升槟榔花香,吸引更多授粉者,从而提高槟榔产量。本研究采用顶空固相微萃取气相色谱-质谱联合分析技术对不同时期槟榔花进行非靶向代谢组学检测。结果共检测到236种代谢物。利用VIP值和差异倍数相结合的方法共筛选出75种差异代谢物,主要包括萜类、酮类、醇类等。其中槟榔雌花的挥发性化合物从雌花未开期到初开期发生大量积累,在盛开期又发生轻微下降,所以雌花初开期可能是槟榔雌花花香形成的关键时期。槟榔雄花的挥发性化合物在雄花初开期到盛开期发生了大量积累,所以雄花盛开期可能是槟榔雄花花香形成的关键时期。之后对差异代谢物使用KEGG数据库对其代谢途径进行分析,筛选与植物花香有关且富集显著的代谢通路。结果表明:槟榔雌花中富集显著且与花香合成有关的代谢途径为脂肪酸生物合成,在该通路上富集的物质为癸酸。癸酸是一种脂肪酸类物质,其多用于植物生理和信号传递等功能,槟榔雌花未开期到初开期癸酸含量上调,花香释放量也发生相应的提升,这可能是由于槟榔在雌花初开期开始授粉,需要传递更多的化学信号,从而吸引授粉者。所以癸酸可能是槟榔雌花为了授粉而释放的一种化学信号。槟榔雄花中富集显著且与花香合成有关的代谢途径分别为双萜类生物合成和脂肪酸降解,棕榈醛和(4aR,6aS,9R,11aR,11bR)-4,4,11b-三甲基-8-亚甲基十四氢-6a,9-甲基环庚[a]萘分别富集在这2条代谢途径上。(4aR,6aS,9R,11aR,11bR)-4,4,11b-三甲基-8-亚甲基十四氢-6a,9-甲基环庚[a]萘为萜类物质,中文名为贝壳杉烯是双萜类物质,它的对映体ent-贝壳杉烯在贝壳杉烯合酶的作用下由反式-牻牛儿基牻牛儿焦磷酸开环而合成,是赤霉素的前体。雄花初开期到盛开期该物质含量发生下调,可能是由于雄花盛开期时所需赤霉�In order to screen out the key metabolites that control the fragrance of areca nut,enhance the fragrance of areca nut,attract more pollinators,and then increase the yield of areca nut.In this study,Headspace Solid Phase Mi-croextraction Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Combined Analysis Technology was used for non-targeted me-tabolomic detection of areca nut flowers in different periods.236 metabolites were detected in the study.75 differential metabolites were screened by combining VIP value and differential fold.Main metabolites were terpenes,ketones,al-cohols.Among them,the volatile compounds of female flowers of Areca accumulated a lot from the female flower un-opened stage to the initial blooming stage,and decreased slightly in the full bloom stage,so the initial blooming stage of female flowers of Areca may be the key period for the formation of female flower fragrance.The volatile compounds in the male flowers of Areca accumulated a lot from the initial blooming stage to the blooming stage,so the blooming stage of male flowers may be the key period for the formation of flower fragrance of male flowers of Areca.KEGG database was used to analyze the metabolic pathways of differential metabolites.The fatty acid biosynthesis was the metabolic pathway that was significantly enriched in the female flowers of areca nut and related to flower aroma synthesis,and the substance enriched in this pathway was capric acid.Capric acid is a fatty acid,which is mostly used in plant physiology and signal transmission and other functions.The capric acid content in the female flowers of betel nut increased from the unopened stage to the early flowering stage,and the release of floral fragrance also increased correspondingly.This may be because areca nut starts pollination at the beginning of female flower,and more chemical signals are needed to be transmitted to attract pollinators.So capric acid may be a chemical signal released by betel nut female flowers for pollination.Metabolic pathways significantly enriched in male

关 键 词：代谢途径 代谢组学 槟榔花 差异代谢物 

分 类 号：S792.91[农业科学—林木遗传育种]