覆盖模式对冬作马铃薯铜素积累与分配特征的影响  

Effect of Mulching Pattern on the Characteristics of Copper Accumu-lation and Distribution in Winter Potato

作　　者：刘涛 官利兰 邓伟 管大伟 谭微 张新明[1] LIU Tao;GUAN Lilan;DENG Wei;GUAN Dawei;TAN Wei;ZHANG Xinming(College of Natural Resources and Environment,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Guangdong Enping Agricultural Technology Extension Center,Enping,Guangdong 529400,China;College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510642,China;Le’an County Extension Center of Agricultural Technol-ogy,Le’an,Jiangxi 344323,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学资源环境学院,广东广州510642 [2]广东省恩平市农业技术推广服务中心,广东恩平529400 [3]华南农业大学园艺学院,广东广州510642 [4]乐安县农业技术推广中心,江西乐安344323

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第7期1445-1452,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(No.2018YFD0200801)。

摘　　要：马铃薯是世界第四大粮食作物,但是关于稻壳覆盖和铜(Cu)素在该作物的研究较少。通过以马铃薯“费乌瑞它”为材料,设置裸地(CK)、稻壳(6000 kg/hm2)覆盖(DK)、黑膜覆盖(HM)3种覆盖模式处理进行田间全生育期冬作栽培,研究不同覆盖模式下马铃薯植株对Cu素的积累与分配特征。研究结果显示,不同覆盖模式下,茎和叶的Cu素积累量均呈先增加后减小趋势,块茎和全株Cu素积累量则呈逐渐增大趋势。茎和叶Cu素积累量从齐苗后10 d时分别占全株的13.45%~17.70%和82.30%~86.55%,到齐苗后58 d时的2.99%~3.53%和8.40%~10.56%。块茎累积量从齐苗后22 d时的26.76%~29.60%增加到齐苗后58 d时的85.91%~88.68%。DK处理下的植株Cu素积累量在全生育期总体上高于CK和HM处理的数值。其中DK比CK处理在茎、叶、块茎、全株最高可分别高38.01%、80.92%、40.24%、72.45%,比HM处理分别高92.21%、47.22%、48.12%、45.16%。马铃薯植株在齐苗后10 d时的Cu素积累量与后期的Cu素积累量呈正相关,茎和叶中Cu素积累量在齐苗后58 d前同产量也呈正相关。因此,供试条件下,在6000 kg/hm2水平的稻壳覆盖下能够有效提高马铃薯植株对Cu素的积累量。Potato is the fourth largest food crop in the world,but little research has been done on this crop about rice husk mulching and copper(Cu).Rice husk is a by-product of rice processing and has great potential to reduce environ-mental pollution.Plastic film mulching gives us a non-negligible problem of environmental pollution,and even crop yields will be affected.Compared with black film,it has the advantages of wide source,lower cost and no need for re-cycling,which can basically be used locally.Previous studies have shown that the photosynthetic pigment content,photosynthetic rate,nutrient content,plant height,stem thickness,tuber number,above ground dry weight and yield of potato plants were enhanced by both Cu solution dip treatment and foliar spray of Cu.In this experiment,the accumula-tion and distribution of Cu in potato plants under different mulching patterns were investigated by using potato“Fa-vorita”as the material and three mulching patterns:bare ground(CK),rice husk(6000 kg/hm2)mulching(DK)and black film mulching(HM)for winter cultivation in the field.The results showed that the accumulation of Cu in stems and leaves showed a trend of increasing and then decreasing under different mulching patterns,while the accumulation in tubers and whole plants showed a trend of gradually increasing.The accumulation of Cu in stems and leaves ranged from 13.45%~17.70%and 82.30%~86.55%of the whole plant 10 d after full seedling emergence to 2.99%~3.53%and 8.40%~10.56%58 d after full seedling emergence,respectively.The accumulation of tubers increased from 26.76%~29.60%22 d after full seedling emergence to 85.91%~88.68%58 d after full seedling emergence.The Cu ac-cumulation of plants under DK treatment was generally higher than that of LD and HM treatments in the whole growth period.The Cu accumulation of plants under DK treatment was 38.01%,80.92%,40.24%,72.45%more than that of CK treatment in stem,leaf,tuber and whole plant respectively,and 92.21%,47.22%,48.12%,45.16%higher than than that of the HM treatment,res

关 键 词：稻壳 冬作马铃薯 铜 积累 覆盖 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]