不同营养液配方与供液量对椰糠袋培高糖度番茄产量和品质的影响  

Effects of different nutrient solution formulas and nutrition solution supply on the yield and quality of high sugar tomatoes cultivated in coco peat bags

作　　者：周文波 许亚丽 李建设[3] ZHOU Wenbo;XU Yali;LI Jianshe(Yan'an Zichang Fruit Industry Development Center,Zichang 717300,China;Yulin Vegetable Industry Development Center,Yulin 719000,China;Agricultural College of Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]延安市子长市果业开发中心,陕西子长717300 [2]榆林市蔬菜产业发展中心,陕西榆林719000 [3]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021

出　　处：《甘肃农业大学学报》2023年第3期91-96,共6页Journal of Gansu Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑项目(2014BAD05B02);宁夏自治区科技支撑项目(2016BN01)。

摘　　要：【目的】研究不同营养液对椰糖袋培高糖度翻茄产量及品质和影响,确定基质培番茄最佳的供液量和营养液配方。【方法】以京番3号番茄品种为试验材料,试验设计采用完全互交设计,选择3种不同营养液配方B_(1)、B_(2)、B_(3)和3种不同灌溉量,即在营养生长期每株每天灌溉量分别为250 mL(A_(1))、300 mL(A_(2))、350 mL(A_(3)),在开花结果期各处理每株每天灌溉量增加100 mL即可。最后分析不同的灌溉量和营养液配方的互交作用对番茄生长指标、生理指标、果实中糖分含量、酶活性及产量和品质的影响。【结果】当营养液配方为B_(2)处理,灌溉量为A_(1)处理时,番茄可溶性固形物达到最高;当供营养液配方为B_(2)处理,液量为A_(2)处理时,番茄单果重、总果量和折合亩产均大于其他处理。当营养液配方固定时,随着灌溉量的增加果实可溶性固形物、总糖和VC含量呈下降趋势,其中A_(1)B_(2)处理果实综合表现最佳。不同处理,果实各个部位均以葡萄糖和果糖为主,其中番茄心室隔壁和胶质胎座含糖总量均大于果皮和果肉含糖总量。【结论】A_(2)B_(2)处理最佳,此时番茄果实糖分含量最高,产量最大。【Objective】To study the effects of different nutrient solutions on the yield and quality of high sugar content tomato grown in coco peat bags,and to determine the optimal nutrition solution supply and nutrient solution formula for substrate culture of tomato.【Method】The Jingfan 3 tomato variety was used as the experimental material.The Design of experiments was a completely interactive design.Three different nutrient solution formulations B_(1),B_(2),B_(3) and three different irrigation amounts were selected,that is 250 mL(A_(1)),300 mL(A_(2)),350 mL(A_(3))per day for each plant in the vegetative growth period,and 100 mL per day for each plant in the flowering and fruiting period.Finally,the impact of the interaction between different irrigation amounts and nutrient solution formulations on tomato growth indicators,physiological indicators,sugar content in fruits,enzyme activity,and yield and quality was analyzed.【Result】When the nutrient solution formula was B_(2) treatment and the irrigation amount was A_(1) treatment,the soluble solid content of tomato reached the highest;When the nutrient solution formula is B_(2) treatment and the liquid volume is A_(2) treatment,the single fruit weight,total fruit quantity,and equivalent yield per mu of tomatoes are all greater than other treatments.When the nutrient solution formula is fixed,the soluble solids,total sugar,and VC content of the fruit show a downward trend with the increase of irrigation amount,among which the A_(1)B_(2) treatment has the best comprehensive performance.Under different treatments,glucose and fructose were the main components in various parts of the fruit,with the total sugar content in the ventricular septa and glial placenta of tomatoes being greater than that in the peel and flesh.【Conclusion】A_(2)B_(2) treatment is the best,in which the tomato fruit has the highest sugar content and maximum yield.

关 键 词：番茄 糖类 产量 品质 

分 类 号：S641.2[农业科学—蔬菜学]