船闸的门槛水深(二)——船舶过闸所需的最小门槛水深  

Water depth on sill of locks,part 2:Minimum water depth on sill for vessels passing through locks

作　　者：吴澎[1] WU Peng(CCCC Water Transportation Consultants Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100007,China)

机构地区：[1]中交水运规划设计院有限公司,北京100007

出　　处：《水运工程》2023年第7期101-104,119,共5页Port & Waterway Engineering

摘　　要：目前国内针对“船舶过闸时所需的最小门槛水深”的研究还没有形成系统性的成果。通过分析已有的研究成果,提出“船舶过闸时所需的最小门槛水深”由船舶吃水和富裕水深组成,富裕水深由船舶航行下沉量和最小安全富裕水深组成;影响船舶过闸时的航行下沉量的主要因素是船舶的阻塞系数、航行速度和水深。根据已有的研究成果的适用条件,介绍一种估算船舶过闸时的航行下沉量和极限航速的计算方法。最小安全富裕水深主要用于补偿航行下沉量估算的可能误差和枢纽运行中的推移波产生的水面波动,枢纽运行中产生的非恒定流是推移波的主要来源,一般情况下最小安全富裕水深可取30 cm,当预计推移波对门槛水深的影响比较显著时,应开展专门研究。There is lack of systematic studies to the minimum water depth on sill needed by vessels passing through locks in China.By analyzing existing studies results,the minimum water depth on sill needed by vessels passing through locks shall be composed of draft of the vessel and additional water depth.The additional water depth is composed of squat of the vessel and the minimum clearance.Main factors influencing the squat of vessels passing through locks are blockage coefficient,speed of vessel and water depth.From application conditions of existing studies,formulas to estimate the squat through locks and limit speed of vessels are presented.The minimum clearance is used to compensate biases of the squat estimation and to take fluctuations of translatory waves into account.The main source of translatory waves is the unsteady flow from the operation of hub.In normal case the minimum clearance could be 30cm.When the influence of translatory waves will be significant on the water depth on sill,a special study shall be needed.

关 键 词：船闸门槛水深 船舶航行下沉量 船舶的极限航速 推移波 最小安全富裕水深 

分 类 号：U612[交通运输工程—船舶及航道工程]