清廷首批庚款留美生选派中外务部与学部之争  

The Debate Between the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Department of Education in the Selection of the First Group of Indemnity Students to the United States

作　　者：刘健鹏 Liu Jianpeng(Jilin Normal University,Changchun 130103)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学,长春130103

出　　处：《西部学刊》2023年第14期128-131,共4页Journal of Western

摘　　要：首批庚款留美生的选派于1909年开始,起初由外务部全权负责,后因朝局变动,学部不断积极介入选派活动,形成了由外务部与学部两部共管的局势。在商讨细则的过程中,保守势力与激进势力展开了激烈的斗争,导致选派细则难产。由于美国的干预,最终方案参考多方利益制定而成,外务部与学部的矛盾也不得不通过“平分名额”的方式加以制度化的妥协。首批庚款留美生选派中外务部与学部之争是清末新政中保守势力与激进势力斗争的缩影,反映出当时清政府中央部门间权限划分不清及利益团体利用制度漏洞徇私舞弊,为晚清之后的乱局埋下了隐患。Under the Boxer Indemnity,the selection of the first group of indemnity students to the USA began in 1909.Initially,the Ministry of Foreign Affairs was in charge of the selection,but as the dynasty changed,the Ministry of Academic Affairs actively intervened in the selection activities,creating a situation in which these two ministries were in charge of the selection activities together.During the rule-making process,there was a fierce struggle between the conservative and radical forces,making it difficult to settle the selection rules.Due to the intervention of the United States,the final plan was formed with reference to many parties’interests,and the conflict between these two Ministries had to be institutionalized and mitigated through the“equal sharing of quotas”.The dispute over the selection of the first batch of indemnity students to the USA was a microcosm of the struggle between the them in the late Qing dynasty’s New Deal,reflecting the unclear delineation of authority between the central departments of the government and the exploitation of system loopholes for favoritism by the interest groups,which posed a hidden danger for the chaotic situation in the late Qing Dynasty.

关 键 词：庚子赔款 外务部 学部 

分 类 号：K257[历史地理—历史学] G648.9[历史地理—中国史]