菱锰矿选冶技术研究现状  

Research status of dressing-metallurgy technology of rhodochrosite ore

作　　者：吕子虎[1,2,3] 李成禄 赵登魁 程宏伟[1,2,3] 赵瑞君 吕良[1,2,3] LYU Zihu;LI Chenglu;ZHAO Dengkui;CHENG Hongwei;ZHAO Ruijun;LYU Liang(Zhengzhou Institute of Multipurpose Utilization of Mineral Resources,CAGS,Zhengzhou 450006,China;Key Laboratory for Polymetallic Ores’Evaluation and Utilization,Ministry of Nature Resources,Zhengzhou 450006,China;Northwest China Center for Geoscience Innovation,Xi’an 710054,China;Natural Resources Survey Institute of Heilongjiang Province,Harbin 150036,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院郑州矿产综合利用研究所,河南郑州450006 [2]自然资源部多金属矿综合利用评价重点实验室,河南郑州450006 [3]西北地质科技创新中心,陕西西安710054 [4]黑龙江省自然资源调查院,黑龙江哈尔滨150036

出　　处：《中国矿业》2023年第7期105-111,共7页China Mining Magazine

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目资助(编号:DD20230353);黑龙江省大型二道坎银矿资源综合利用及成矿作用研究项目资助(编号:GA21A204)。

摘　　要：锰是一种重要的战略性矿产资源。研究介绍了中国锰矿资源的禀赋特征,简述了菱锰矿矿物性质及共伴生脉石矿物的种类,分析了菱锰矿与方解石、菱镁矿、菱铁矿、石英等矿物的浮选行为及分离难点,综述了重选、磁选、浮选等选矿工艺的研究进展及各工艺特点和适用性,探讨了菱锰矿捕收剂、抑制剂的研究应用、作用机理和存在的问题,指出高效重选设备、磁选设备以及选择性好的新型捕收剂和高效抑制剂是菱锰矿选矿技术发展的主要方向。此外,评述了菱锰矿火法提锰工艺以及直接酸浸、还原浸出、焙烧浸出、生物浸出等湿法冶金提锰技术的研究现状和适用性,其中直接酸浸法生产工艺简单、技术成熟、环境污染少,仍将是未来菱锰矿浸出生产的主要手段。一些难利用的锰矿石采用单独的选矿或冶金方法难以获得良好的技术指标及经济效益,往往需要通过选冶联合的方法进行处理,菱锰矿选冶联合工艺可以实现工艺间的优势互补,提高选冶综合指标。最后展望了菱锰矿选冶技术未来的主要研究和发展方向,旨为锰矿资源的开发利用和研究方向提供借鉴。Manganese is an important strategic mineral resource.The endowment characteristics of manganese ore resources in China are introduced.The mineral properties of rhodochrosite and the types of associated gangue minerals are briefly described.The flotation behavior and separation difficulties of rhodochrosite from calcite,magnesite,siderite and quartz are analyzed.Furthermore,the research progress,characteristics and applicability of gravity separation,magnetic separation and flotation are reviewed.The research application,action mechanism and existing problems of rhodochrosite collectors and inhibitors are discussed.And,it is pointed out that high-efficiency gravity separation equipment,magnetic separation equipment,new collectors with good selectivity and high-efficiency inhibitors are the main directions for the development of rhodochrosite beneficiation technology.In addition,reviews the research status and applicability of pyrometallurgical manganese extraction process of rhodochrosite and hydrometallurgical manganese extraction technologies such as direct acid leaching,reduction leaching,roasting leaching and bioleaching.Among them,the direct acid leaching method will still be the main means of rhodochrosite leaching production in the future for the reason of the simple production process,mature technology and less environmental pollution.Some difficult-to-use manganese ores are difficult to obtain good technical indicators and economic benefits by separate beneficiation or metallurgical methods,and often need to be treated by a combination of beneficiation and metallurgy.The combined process of rhodochrosite beneficiation and metallurgy can realize the complementary advantages between processes and improve the comprehensive index of beneficiation and metallurgy.Finally,the main research and development direction of rhodochrosite beneficiation and metallurgy technology in the future are prospected.The purpose is to provide reference for the utilization and research direction of manganese ore resources.

关 键 词：菱锰矿 选矿 冶金 浸出 战略性矿产 

分 类 号：TD951[矿业工程—选矿]