透空率对多层建筑物海啸冲击荷载的影响  

Influence of penetration rate on tsunami impact load on multistory buildings

作　　者：王鹏 翟秋[1] 王华坤 许庆贺 孙鑫康 张兵 WANG Peng;ZHAI Qiu;WANG Hua-kun;XU Qing-he;SUN Xin-kang;ZHANG Bing(College of Harbor,Coastal and Offshore Engineering,Hohai University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210098,China;Shandong Provincial Communications Planning and Design Institute Group Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,Shandong 250101,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,江苏南京210098 [2]山东省交通规划设计院集团有限公司,山东济南250101

出　　处：《中国港湾建设》2023年第7期1-5,42,共6页China Harbour Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51909077)。

摘　　要：近年来世界各地海啸灾害频发,对沿海地区建筑物和基础设施造成严重破坏,因此开展陆上建筑物抗海啸荷载研究具有重要意义。文章基于多物质ALE方法,构建了空气-海啸波-结构物相互作用数值模型,模拟研究了多层建筑物的透空形式和透空率对海啸荷载的影响。计算结果表明:当海啸强度相对较弱时,透空率大小对海啸冲击荷载影响十分显著,后者会随透空率的增加而明显减小;然而,当海啸超过一定强度后,均匀透空布置形式下透空率的增大对海啸冲击荷载的削减效果变差,但若底层完全透空仍可以产生显著的削弱效果,此时可将海啸荷载削减至不透空形式下的20%左右。此外,研究还发现,海啸冲击建筑物时的水体爬高随建筑物透空率的增加而减小,建筑物前因反射作用而产生的弓形波也随之减弱。Tsunami occurs frequently all over the world in recent years,which has caused serious damage to coastal buildings and infrastructure.Therefore,it is of great significance to research on measures for onshore buildings against tsunamis.In this study,the multi-material ALE method is used to establish a numerical model for air-tsunami-structure interactions,and the influence of multistory building's penetration form and rate on tsunami impact load is investigated.The numerical results show that tsunami impact load is significantly affected by the penetration rate of a building when the tsunami is relatively weak,and the tsunami impact load decreases with the increase of the penetration rate.When a tsunami exceeds a certain strength,the effect of reduction of the tsunami impact loads on buildings becomes weaker with the increase of penetration rate when the perforation is uniformly arranged.However,the effect of reduction of tsunami impact loads on buildings will remain significant when the lower part of a building is completely open,and the tsunami impact load can be reduced to about 20%of that on impervious buildings.In addition,the results also show that the water runup when tsunami impacts a building decreases with the increase of the penetration rate,and the bow wave generated by reflection in front of the building is meanwhile weakened.

关 键 词：多物质ALE法 空气-海啸波-结构物相互作用 海啸荷载 多层建筑物 透空率 

分 类 号：U657.3[交通运输工程—港口、海岸及近海工程]