空心球及其复合材料制备与性能研究进展  

Progress in Preparation and Properties of Hollow Spheres and Their Composites

作　　者：果春焕[1] 邵帅齐 牛建民 姜风春[1,3] 张智超 张瑞鹏 张贺新 GUO Chunhuan;SHAO Shuaiqi;NIU Jianmin;JIANG Fengchun;ZHANG Zhichao;ZHANG Ruipeng;ZHANG Hexin(College of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering,Harbin Engineering University,Harbin 150001,China;Shanghai Shipbuilding Technology Research Institute,Shanghai 200032,China;Yantai Research Institute of Harbin Engineering University,Yantai 264010,China)

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工程大学材料科学与化学工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [2]上海船舶工艺研究所,上海200032 [3]哈尔滨工程大学烟台研究院,山东烟台264010

出　　处：《中国材料进展》2023年第6期482-491,共10页Materials China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFE0123500);国防基金项目(0104047)。

摘　　要：空心球复合材料是一种采用粉末冶金、铸造等方式将空心球与基体材料复合而成的轻质多孔材料,均匀的孔隙结构使该材料具有较常规多孔材料更高的比强度、吸能、阻尼、隔热和隔声等多种特性,在航天航空、装甲防护、交通运输、核电站屏蔽防护等多个领域呈现出广阔的发展空间与应用前景,备受人们关注。围绕空心球及其复合材料,综述了空心球及其复合材料的性能与制备工艺的国内外研究现状,并分析了不同材质的空心球复合材料在性能上的异同。在此基础上,提出了空心球复合材料研究领域有待深入研究的难点与热点,并对空心球复合材料未来的发展方向进行了展望。Hollow sphere composite is a kind of light porous material composed of hollow sphere and matrix material through powder metallurgy,casting and other methods.Its uniform distribution of pores provides better properties than conventional porous materials,such as high specific strength,energy absorption,damping,heat insulation and sound insulation.Because of its multiple properties,hollow sphere composites have shown a very broad development space and application prospects in many fields,such as aerospace,armor protection,transportation,shielding protection of nuclear power plants,etc.The properties and preparation technology of hollow sphere and its composites at home and abroad were reviewed in this paper,and the differences in properties of composites prepared by different materials were analyzed as well.Based on the circumstance mentioned above,the difficulties and hotspots that need to be further studied in the field of hollow sphere composite materials were put forward,and the development direction of hollow sphere composite materials in the future was prospected.

关 键 词：空心球 空心球复合材料 制备方法 性能 应用 

分 类 号：TB33[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]