京津冀地区辐射雾生消影响因子和污染物特征分析  

Influencing factors and pollutant characteristics of radiation fog in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

作　　者：许敏 李江波[1,3] 田晓飞 张瑞芳 沈芳 乐章燕 XU Min;LI Jiang-bo;TIAN Xiao-fei;ZHANG Rui-fang;SHEN Fang;LE Zhang-yan(Key Laboratory of Meteorology and Ecological Environment of Hebei Province,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Langfang Meteorological Service,Langfang 065000,China;Hebei Meteorological Observatory,Shijiazhuang 050021,China;Sanhe Branch of Langfang Ecological Environment Bureau,Langfang 065200)

机构地区：[1]河北省气象与生态环境重点实验室,河北石家庄050021 [2]廊坊市气象局,河北廊坊065000 [3]河北省气象台,河北石家庄050021 [4]廊坊市生态环境局三河市分局,河北廊坊065200

出　　处：《气象与环境学报》2023年第3期56-64,共9页Journal of Meteorology and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41175014);国家科技支撑计划(2014BAC16B04);河北省科学技术研究与发展计划项目(12277114D);廊坊市科技局项目(202213097)共同资助。

摘　　要：利用京津冀地区地面、高空气象观测资料和空气质量数据,分析了2002—2020年京津冀地区辐射雾气候特征,以及出现辐射雾前后气象要素和不同粒径污染物的变化。结果表明:京津冀中南部的平原地区是辐射雾的高发区,坝上高原和北京西北部山区出现次数较少,辐射雾日最小能见度普遍可降至0.1~0.6 km,并随日出升温迅速增大。高低气温差(辐射雾发生前一日最高气温与当日最低气温的差值)多集中在6.0~10.4℃,最大可达到20.3℃,最小为0℃,且空间差异性较大;春季的高低气温差大于其他季节,但极大与极小值均出现在冬季。辐射雾出现前一日14时的地面风速为1.0~2.4 m·s^(-1),到20时和当日08时风速降至1.0 m·s^(-1)左右,风向以偏北风和偏南风为主;垂直逆温多从地面开始,通常较为浅薄,风向随高度从北逆时针向西偏转。雾爆发当日,随着日出后气温升高、风速加大、湿度下降,PM_(2.5)和PM_(10)浓度下降,空气污染程度逐渐降低。Based on the surface and upper air meteorological data and air quality data in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the climatic characteristics of radiation fog and the variations of influence factors and particle pollutants of various scales before and after the occurrence of radiation fog from 2000 to 2020 were analyzed.The results show that the radiation fog occurs frequently in the central and southern plains of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,whereas such a fog rarely occurs in the Bashang plateau and the mountainous area in the northwest of Beijing.The minimum visibility of radiation fog generally decreases to 0.1~0.6 km and increases significantly with the sunrise.The high-low temperature differences,i.e.the differences between the maximum temperature on the day before the occurrence of radiation fog and the minimum temperature of the radiation fog day are concentrated between 6.0℃and 10.4℃,with the maximum up to 20.3℃,and the minimum is 0℃and the value varies significantly in different regions.The high-low temperature differences in spring appear larger than those in other seasons,but the maximum and minimum differences appear in winter.At 14:00 on the day before the occurrence of radiation fog,the surface wind speed is mostly varying from 1.0~2.4 m·s^(-1),whereas at 20:00 and 08:00 on the fog day,the wind speed decreases to around 1.0 m·s^(-1),with the wind direction of north and south.Vertical inverses tend to start at ground level and usually appear shallow,with wind direction shifting counterclockwise from north to west with height.On the day when the fog breaks out,the temperature and wind speed increase whereas the humidity decreases with sunrise,and PM_(2.5)and PM_(10)level decrease,resulting in the air pollution level gradually decreasing.

关 键 词：辐射雾 气象要素 空气污染物 

分 类 号：P468.028[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]